Genetic Material
DNA Replication
Genetic Code/Chromosomes
Transcription
Translation
100
FULL names of two scientists that came up of the first correct model of DNA:
James Watson & Francis Crick
100
Enzyme that removes the hydrogen bonds down the center of the DNA molecule:
helicase
100
3 differences between RNA and DNA:
RNA is: 1) single stranded 2) ribose sugar 3) uracil instead of thymine
100
Enzyme that joins nucleotides together to form mRNA:
RNA polymerase
100
Site where rRNA is made:
nucleolus
200
If a groundhog has 20% A, how much C will be in its genome?
30%
200
Term for using the original DNA strands as a template to build the new DNA strands:
semiconservative
200
3 types of RNA:
messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
200
parts of the mRNA transcript that are cut out; "junk" mRNA
introns
200
The start codon:
methionine (AUG)
300
Name the three parts of a DNA nucleotide:
nitrogenous base (A,T,C,G), deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group
300
3 Steps of replication:
1) Unwinding (helicase) 2) Complementary base pairing (DNA polymerase) 3) Joining (DNA ligase)
300
The central dogma of molecular biology:
DNA --> mRNA --> protein
300
RNA molecules that possess catalytic activity in the same manner as enzymes:
ribozymes
300
State the 3 steps of translation:
1) Initiation 2) Elongation 3)Termination
400
Describe the part of Griffith's experiment that showed transformation happening:
When heat-killed S strain and live R strain of pneumonia bacteria were mixed and injected into a mouse it died and living S strain bacteria were found in the dead mouse.
400
Small pieces formed from the discontinuous replication on the lagging strand:
Okazaki fragments
400
Term for loosely coiled DNA where genes are actively being transcribed:
euchromatin
400
Two things that are added to the mRNA transcript before it leave the nucleus:
5' cap & 3' poly A tail
400
Field of biology dedicated to understanding the structure of proteins an how they function in metabolic pathways:
proeomics
500
The genetic material must be able to do what 3 things?
1)STORE info 2) STABLE and be able to be COPIED correctly 3) able to undergo MUTATIONS
500
The error rate for the bacterial DNA polymerase is only one in ____________ base pairs.
100 million
500
Term that means the genetic code can have more than one codon for an amino acid:
degenerate
500
Small pieces of RNA that bind to mRNA and prevent translation from occurring:
microRNAs (miRNAs)
500
Name the 3 binding sites on the ribosome for the tRNAs:
1) A (amino acid) site 2) P (peptide) site 3) E (exit) site
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