Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Misc
100
What is the monomer of a carb?
Monosaccharide (sugar)
100
What is the monomer of a lipid?
Fatty acid
100
What is the monomer of a protein?
Amino acid
100
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
Neucleotide
100
What is a monomer?
Monomers are atoms or small molecules that bond together to form more complex structures.
200
What is/are the polymer(s) for carbs?
Polychaccharides
200
What is/are the polymer(s) for lipids?
Fats, phospholipids, steroids
200
What is/are the polymer(s) for proteins?
Polypeptides (proteins)
200
What is/are the polymer(s) for nucleic acids?
DNA & RNA
200
What is a polymer?
A very large molecule composed of many repeating subunits (monomers)
300
What elements are found in all carbs?
C, H, O
300
What is the difference between a saturated fat molecule and an unsaturated fat molecule?
Saturated = straight, no double bonds
Unsaturated = bent, one double bond (many in polyunsaturated), two fewer hydrogen atoms
300
What is an essential amino acid? How many are essential?
An amino acid you can't make on your own. There are 9 essential amino acids.
300
What are the nucleotides found in DNA?
A, T, C, and G
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine
300
What is the structure of a DNA molecule?
A double helix
400
What is a disaccharide?
A sugar with two monomers (ex; sucrose)
400
What is a function of phospholipids?
They make up the phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes
400
What is the difference between the tertiary and the quarternary structure of proteins?
Tertiary = one polypeptide (a complete protein)
Quaternary = multiple polypeptides bonded together (also a complete protein)
400
What is the difference between the nucleotides in DNA and RNA?
DNA has T (Thymine)
RNA has U (Uracil)
400
What is dehydration synthesis?
The process of building up multiple monomers into a polymer by removing water molecules (dehydration)
500
What is the chemical formula and structure for a glucose molecule?
C6H12O6
500
What is the basic structure of all steroids?
Four carbon rings
500
What is the structure of an amino acid?
500
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
Phosphate, Deoxyribose or Ribose sugar, and Nitrogen base
500
What is the process of breaking down a polymer into multiple monomers by adding water?
Hydrolysis, rehydration, digestion