A small group of individuals splits off from the original population.
What is founders effect?
100
The # of copies of an allele in a population / the total # of copies of all alleles in the population
What is allele frequency?
100
Make up a nucleotide
What are a nitrogen containing base, a pentose sugar and a phosphate?
100
Solutes will diffuse from ______ to _________ concentration
What is high to low?
100
The power plant of the cell
What is the mitochondria?
200
Birds often have colorful, long plummage that does not lend to better flight.
What is sexual selection?
200
Antarctic and arctic fish both evolved an antifreeze protein while having different parent species.
What is convergent evolution?
200
These 3 groups make up an amino acid
What are amino group, carboxyl group, and side chain?
200
A carbohydrate that is anchored in the lipid membrane
What is a glycolipid?
200
These types of cells will have a larger surface area to volume ratio
What is a smaller cell?
300
An example of this type of selection would be giraffe populations evolving longer and longer necks to reach leaves on trees
What is directional selection?
300
Depicts the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype in the Hardy-Weinberg equation
What is p^2?
300
The type of linkage between two carbohydrates
What is a glycosidic linkage?
300
These two things will result in a less fluid membrane
What are cooler temperatures, saturated fatty acids and cholesterol?
300
Two components of cell theory
What are 1. all living things are composed of cells, 2. all cells come from preexisting cells?
400
The four requirements for natural selection to occur
What are overproduction, variation, selection and adaptation?
400
A trait that has appeared in the most recent common ancestor
What is a derived trait?
400
The two types of protein secondary structure
What are alpha helix and beta pleated sheat?
400
Requires a transport protein but does not require energy
What is facilitated diffusion?
400
Major differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
What are membrane bound organelles, DNA enclosed in a nucleus, circular DNA?
500
This original theory for evolution assumed that giraffes passed on longer necks by stretching their necks up to taller branches in trees.
What is Lamarckian evolution?
500
The requirements for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
What are constant allele frequencies, no differential selection among genotypes, no mutation, no gene flow, population size is infinite, mating is random?
500
The purines
What are adenine and guanine?
500
Cellular drinking
What is pinocytosis?
500
Assists in the synthesis and then packaging of proteins
What is the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?