Gene Expression/Regulation
This enzyme synthesizes RNA from a DNA template.
What is RNA polymerase?
What is the term for the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce?
What is fitness?
Random changes in allele frequency due to chance are called…
What is genetic drift?
What type of organism makes its own food through photosynthesis?
What is a producer/autotroph?
Which cycle involves nitrogen-fixing bacteria and denitrification?
What is the nitrogen cycle?
What is the name of the DNA sequence where RNA polymerase binds to start transcription?
What is the promoter?
Which type of selection favors intermediate traits and reduces extremes?
What is stabilizing selection?
This Hardy-Weinberg variable represents the frequency of the recessive allele.
What is q?
What term describes the role and position an organism has in its environment?
What is a niche?
What is the term for gradual changes in an ecosystem over time?
What is ecological succession?
Which molecule carries the genetic message from the DNA to the ribosome?
What is mRNA?
This principle states that allele frequencies will remain constant unless acted on by outside forces.
What is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Which five conditions must be met for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
No mutation, large population, no migration, random mating, no selection.
What is the term for all the living organisms in an ecosystem?
What is a community?
Which type of succession happens on land with no previous life (e.g., lava flows)?
What is primary succession?
This process allows a single gene to code for multiple proteins by rearranging exons.
What is alternative splicing?
What are two sources of genetic variation in populations?
What are mutation and sexual reproduction (crossing over/independent assortment)?
The sharp reduction in genetic diversity after a population is drastically reduced is called…?
What is the bottleneck effect?
Only about ___% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.
What is 10%?
This nutrient cycle depends heavily on weathering of rocks.
What is the phosphorus cycle?
What is the role of histone acetylation in gene expression?
It promotes transcription by loosening DNA around histones.
What kind of selection might cause two different phenotypes to both increase in frequency?
What is disruptive selection?
You know that 36% of a population shows a recessive trait. What is the frequency of the dominant allele (p)?
0.6 (q² = 0.36 → q = 0.6 → p = 0.4)
What is the relationship where both organisms benefit?
What is mutualism?
Give one example of a human activity that disrupts the carbon cycle.
What is burning fossil fuels or deforestation?