Unit 1
This type of hydrogen bonding allows for the development of surface tension.
What is cohesion?
Follow up:
Draw a water molecule hydrogen bonded to two additional water molecules
This organelle is involved in the synthesis of lipids.
What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Follow up:
What is a physical difference between the rough ER and the smooth ER?
This is necessary for any reaction to begin, with or without an enzyme.
What is activation energy?
Follow up:
Explain one way that an enzyme can lower activation energy.
a molecule that binds to another specific molecule to deliver a signal
What is a ligand (hormone, if added "over a long distance")
Follow up:
What is the difference between autocrine and paracrine signalling?
Describe the effect of an increased product concentration on the rate of a reaction.
As the product concentration increases, the rate of the reaction decreases.
Follow up:
Describe the effect of an increased substrate concentration on the rate of a reaction.
These types of molecules contain at least carbon, hydrogen, and hydrogen and are essential for life on earth.
What are organic molecules?
Follow up:
Draw a rough sketch of the four major organic molecules as monomers
This theory states that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from ancient prokaryotic cells that were engulfed by primitive eukaryotes.
What is endosymbiotic theory?
Follow up:
Name three arguments for endosymbiotic theory
This word is used to describe the breaking down of enzymes.
What is denaturation?
Follow up:
Explain how denaturation impacts the function of a protein.
Cytoplasmic division that occurs after the nuclear divides during the M phase of the cell cycle.
What is Cytokinesis.
Follow up:
What are the four phases of the cell cycle and what (generally) happens during each phase?
The two main kinds of fermentation.
Follow up:
What process do these share with aerobic cellular respiration?
This suffix indicates that the word being used is likely an enzyme.
What is -ase?
Follow up-
Distinguish between the 4 types of protein structures
This type of steroid is only found in eukaryotic cell membranes.
What is cholesterol?
Follow up:
What is the function of cholesterol?
This type of enzyme inhibition is unaffected by an increase of substrate concentration.
What is noncompetitive/allosteric inhibition
Follow up:
Describe how competitive vs. noncompetitive inhibition works
What is a growth factor?
Follow up:
What is an example of feedback? (either positive or negative)
Small loops of nonessential DNA found (mostly) in prokaryotes.
What are plasmids?
Follow up:
Describe a difference in prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic chromosomal DNA
This is another word for dehydration synthesis.
What is condensation reaction.
Follow up:
How is water involved in a condensation reaction vs. hydrolysis?
This organelle contains enzymes that break down old/broken lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, other organelles
What is a lysosome?
Follow up:
What kind of enzymes does this organelle use?
The equation for photosynthesis.
What is sunlight + 6CO2 + 6H2O --> 6O2 + C6H12O6
Follow up:
Explain how photolysis is involved in the creation of a concentration gradient across the thylakoid membrane.
Molecules, such as cyclic AMP (cAMP), that relay and amplify internal signals during a signal transduction cascade.
What are second messengers?
Follow up:
What are the three regions/domains of a cell surface receptor?
ATP's full government name.
What is adenosine triphosphate?
Follow up:
Describe Gibbs free energy
The name for the bonds present between amino acids in a protein and the name for the bonds present between monosaccharides in a carbohydrate
What are peptide bonds and glycosidic bonds?
Follow up:
What elements are present in each of the four major organic molecules?
The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane?
What is osmosis?
Follow up:
Explain how water moves in relation to water potential and osmolarity
The molecule created from the combination of protons, electrons, and the final Electron acceptor in the ETC for cellular respiration
What is H2O
Follow up:
What happens when oxidative phosphorylation has been decoupled?
During this phase of mitosis, the nuclear envelope has already broken down, chromosomes continue to condense, Centrosomes move toward opposite poles, and the mitotic spindle has not fully formed yet.
What is prometaphase?
Follow up:
Summarize Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.
Different versions of the same gene.
What are alleles?
Follow up:
Explain the difference between homologous chromosomes and sister chromatids.