Unit 1
unit 2
unit 3
unit 4
unit 5
unit 6
unit 7
unit 8
100
Member of an element family that all have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
What is isotope?
100
A type of cell death in which the cells uses specialized cellular machinery to kill itself
What is Apoptosis?
100
what is the purpose of an enzyme
acts as a catalyst to speed up reactions
100
Short distance communication that changes the behavior of cell
what is Paracrine Signaling?
100
diploid vs haploid
what is diploid contains two complete sets of chromosomes. Haploid is a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
100
leading vs lagging strands
The lagging strand is synthesized continuously (5,3), where the leading strand is synthesized in short fragments (3,5) that are stitched together.
100
Define Fitness
What is a term used to describe the ability of an organism to thrive in its environment?
100
What are the smallest units of life?
What are Cells?
200
The simplest hydrocarbon molecule
What is Methane?
200
A cell organelle that decomposes fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide (performs metabolic functions)
What is Peroxisomes?
200
What are the 4 metabolic stages of cellular respiration
Glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, Krebs's cycle, and electron trasport chain
200
Somatic mutations can happen during ________ when there are errors in replication in S phase and the mistake was not checked correctly.
What is mitosis
200
label diagram
A. leading strand template
B. leading strand
c. Okazaki fragment
d. lagging strand
E. lagging strang template
F. parent DNA
200
after synthesis of a eukaryotic primary RNA transcript, the removal of portions of the transcript (introns) that will not be included in the mRNA and the joining together of the remaining portions (exons)
what is rna splicing
200
Differences occuring within a species is known as
What is genetic variation?
200
What biome displays the highest amounts of biodiversity?
Tropical Rainforest
300
The cell membrane creates a barrier between the cell and its external environment with its ______ head.
What is hydrophilic?
300
Transports undigested material to the cell membrane for removal
What is a Lysosome?
300
What do the products and reactants of photosynthesis and cellular respiration have in common
the reactants of one cycle are the products of the other cycle and vice versa
300
What are the three basic steps of cell communication?
what is reception, transduction, and response?
300
The ability of a single gene to have multiple phenotypic effectsimple question connecting units
What is pleiotropy
300
What enhances the expression of a gene
what is the attachment of RNA polymerase to DNA
300
In what order were chloroplasts and mitochondria taken into the cell?
Mitochondria then chloroplasts
300
Give an example of a Vicariant event (Geographic Isolation)
Land bridges disappearing, Canyons forming,
400
This unique and specific multi-chain protein is formed by B cells and binds to regions that match a specific molecular shape.
What is an antibody?
400
Type of lipid / steroid that helps maintain the cell membrane
what is cholesterol ?
400
What is the correlation between surface area and efficiency
the more surface area the more efficient
ex. the many folds of the mitochondria
400
What happens if there was a mutation in the Cyclin B Kinase?
What is Cyclin B would not be activated, so mitosis would not occur because structure equals function?
400
Which of the following helps to stabilize mRNA by inhibiting its degradation?
What is 5' cap and poly-A tail
400
What happens when one nucleotide pair is lost from the middle of the coding sequence of a gene?
In the mRNA, the reading frame downstream from the deletion is shifted, leading to a long string of incorrect amino acids in the polypeptide, and in most cases, a stop codon will arise, leading to premature termination. The polypeptide will most likely be nonfunctional.
400
The ______-___________ equilibrium a principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors.
Hardy-Weinberg
400
What is the difference in the symbiotic relationships shown?
One is commensalism and the other is parasitism
500
The bond between OH & COOH is called _____ ? This bond is formed when glycerol binds with 3 fatty acids.
What is ester linkage?
500
The main purpose of this organic molecule is that the body can use them as a form of quick energy
what is Carbohydrates?
500
What metabolic processes are occurring in this diagram of photosynthesis
light dependent reaction and Calvin cycle
500
Explain the cAMP signaling pathway.
What is a ligand binds to a receptor which activates the Adenylyl Cyclase to turn ATP into cAMP. Then, many kinases are phosphorylated to promote a cellular response?
500
What is the enzymatic function of restriction enzymes?
What is to cleave nucleic acids at specific sites
500
Describe how a polypeptide to be secreted is transported to the endomembrane system?
what is a signal peptide on the leading end of the polypeptide being synthesized is recognized by a signal-recognition particle that brings the ribosome to the ER membrane. There the ribosome attaches and continues to synthesize the polypeptide, depositing it in the ER.
500
What is the difference between the Ray-finned fish and the Amphibians
Four Limbs
500
Which animal would have an immediate major change in population in the grasshopper population went extinct?
Rat populations