Properties of Water
The oxygen and hydrogen in the water molecule are bonded by what type of bond?
Polar Covalent Bond
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides
What is the monomer of lipids?
fatty acids
What is the monomer of proteins?
amino acids
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
nucleotides
Why is water known as the "universal solvent"?
It's polar and can dissolve many things
What's the difference between monosaccharides and polysaccharides?
Mono = one sugar unit
Poly = many sugar units
Lipids provide what type of energy?
long-term
What type of bond links amino acids together?
Peptide Bond
Give 1 example of a nucleic acid
DNA, RNA
Cohesion and Adhesion
Carbohydrates provide what type of energy?
short-term (main energy source)
Give 1 example of a lipid
oils, butter, fats
What determines the shape of a protein?
amino acid sequence (primary structure)
How does RNA differ from DNA structurally?
RNA is single stranded (has base Uracil)
DNA is double stranded (has base Thymine)
Water molecules stick to each other due to what tyoe if bond?
Hydrogen bond
What 3 main elements make up carbohydrates
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
What 3 main elements make up lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
What 4 elements make up proteins?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
What 5 elements make up nucleic acids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous
Why does ice float on liquid water?
What type of reaction builds disaccharides from monosaccharides, and what is released during the process?
Dehydration synthesis - water is released
What are the 2 main parts of a phospholipid?
Hydrophilic phosphate head and hydrophobic fatty acid tails
Why is the sequence of amino acids in a protein important?
they determine a protein's folding and function
What 3 things are nucleotides made up of?
Phosphate group, sugar, nitrogenous base