Macromolecules
Cell Size & Surface Area
Cells
Cell Membrane
Transport
100
What macromolecule group does molecule A most likely fall into?
What is Lipid
100

Why must cells remain small?

To maintain a large surface area-to-volume ration that allows efficient diffusion of nutrients and waste.

100
Organelle responsible for making enzymes
What is ribosome
100
what membrane-surface molecules are thought to be important as cells recognize each other
What is glycoproteins and glycolipids
100
A celery stalk that is immersed in fresh water will become stiff. A stalk left in salt solution will become limp. We can conclude that the celery is _________ to freshwater and ________ to salt water
What is hypertonic/ hypotonic
200
The element nitrogen is found in which macromolecule(s)
What is protein and nucleic acid
200

As a cell grows larger, does its surface area-to-volume ratio increase or decrease?

It decreases

200
The theory that Eukaryotic cells arose from one prokaryotic cell engulfing another
What is endosymbiont theory
200
Large and polar molecules need one of these in order to pass through the cell membrane
What is Protein
200
A potato placed in pure water has a ______ water potential than the water and is said to be ____tonic to the water
What is lower/ hyper
300
If 128 of molecule B were covalently joined together, the single molecule that would result would be called a
What is polysaccharide
300

What adaptation do large eukaryotic cells use to manage internal scale and compartmentalization?

The endomembrane system and folded internal Membranes (mitochondrial cristae, ER cisternae, thylakoid in chloroplasts)

300
List 3 pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiont thoery
What is mitochondria and chloroplast are double membraned, have their own DNA, own ribosomes, innermembrane fluid is same as extracellular fluid, self sufficent, reproduce on their own
300
Only _____, _______ molecules can pass through the cell membrane.
What is small,nonpolar
300
A potato is placed in 1M sugar solution will most likely________. The potato is ______tonic to the solution
What is swell/ hypo
400
Which of the following is NOT a polymer: cellulose, steroids, DNA, enzymes
What is steroid
400

A spherical cell with a radius of 1 um has a surface area-to-volume ratio of 3.  If another spherical cell has a radius of 3um, what happens to its ratio, and how does this affect its ability to eliminate waste via diffusion?

The ratio drops to 1.  This decreases its efficiency, meaning it takes longer to eliminate waste.

400
which organelle is involved in synthesis of oils, phospholipids, and hormones
What is smooth ER
400
Salt water fish have proteins that pump salt out of their cells, back into the highly salty water. What type of transport is this
What is Active Transport
400
A patient's red blood cells will shrivel up if the IV fluid is ____tonic compared to the cells. That is, the IV fluid has a _______ water compared to the cells.
What is hyper, lower
500
Which monomer consists of a central carbon bonded to an amino group, a carboxyl group, and 1 of 20 different R groups
What is amino acid
500
What is the ideal size of a cell and why?
What is small/ folded/ increases surface area
500
Which molecule is responsible for holding phospholipids together?
What is cholesterol
500
A potato is placed in a .3M solution. After a day, the potato has no change in mass. What can you conclude?
What is potato is .3M/ it was in an isotonic solution
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