terms
ATP
(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work (energy)
Gain of electrons by a chemical reactant
reduction
Explain Induced Fit
Induced Fit states that the active site is more flexible and molds itself precisely around the substrate as they bind.
What organelle does photosynthesis take place in plants?
The chloroplast
Cellular Respiration breaks down what?
(hint: a type of sugar!)
Glucose
Pigment
A substance that absorbs visible light.
Relative loss of electrons in a chemical reaction
oxidation
large proteins folded into complex 3D shapes. These proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids.
Limiting factors of photsythesis
The rate at which photosynthesis occurs is controlled by environmental conditions
(light intensity, CO2 etc..)
What is the primary purpose of cellular respiration?
(hint: producing something sigma)
Producing ATP!!!
Autotroph
An organism that is capable of living exclusively on inorganic materials, water, and an energy source other than the chemical bonds of organic compounds.
Tiny pores in the leaves that allow carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to escape.
stomata
What Happens to Enzymes at High Temperatures or different pH level?
denaturing
What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?
(hint: the sun)
Light-Dependent Reactions
Light-Independent Reactions (The Calvin Cycle)
Where in the cell does cellular respiration take place?
Glycolysis begins where?
In the cytoplasm
heterotroph
An organism that requires preformed organic molecules as sources of energy and chemical building blocks.
An enzyme that catalyzes the crucial first step of the Calvin Cycle by fixing carbon dioxide into an organic molecule
RuBisCO
What Are Coenzymes and Cofactors?
molecules that must bind to the enzyme before the substrate can fit into the active site. Cofactors are typically inorganic minerals , while coenzymes are non-protein organic molecules
What are the 2 reactants of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide and water
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen while anaerobic respiration (or fermentation) does not require oxygen
Pyruvate
end product of glycolysis. 3 carbon sugars
In cellular respiration, a set of chemical reactions whereby acetyl CoA is oxidized to carbon dioxide and hydrogen atoms are stored as NADH and FADH2. Also called the Krebs cycle.
Citric acid cycle
What are the 2 different types of enzyme inhibitors
Competitive, Allosteric (non competitive)
What is produced at the end of the electron transport chain?
NADPH
What happens when a cell doesn't have enough oxygen to perform regular cellular respiration?
(hint: hint undergoes some other process)
It undergoes fermentation