Mitochondria
Of the three domains of life, only this one has mitochondria. (Hint: prokaryotes, eukaryotes or archaea)
The primary molecule that gets oxidized into Carbon Dioxide throughout the process of cellular respiration. (hint: the general sugar/food source molecule)
What is glucose?
This is the other name for the Kreb's Cycle.
What is the citric acid cycle?
This is the number of protein complexes the electrons must move through to complete the ETC.
What is 4?
What is oxygen?
Mitochondria have this many membranes (protective layers).
What is two? (inner & outer)
The number of pyruvate (3 carbon) molecules that are created after glycolysis is complete.
What is 2?
The number of NADH molecules produced PER GLUCOSE!
What is 6?
NADH drops off its electrons at this protein complex, which is different from FADH2 which drops off its electrons at this other protein complex.
What is Protein complex 1? What is protein complex 2?
What is water?
The little "finger-like" projections that increase the surface area of the inner membrane of the mitochondria are called this.
What are cristae?
The process of glycolysis technically does not require oxygen, making it this type of metabolic process.
What is anaerobic?
The number of FADH2 molecules produced PER ACETYL-COA.
What is 1?
This is the maximum number of ATP produced by the ETC.
What is 34?
10 NADH x 3 ATP = 30 ATP
2 FADH2 x 2 ATP = 4 ATP
30 ATP + 4 ATP = 34 ATP
This molecule gets phosphorylated to become adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
What is adenosine diphosphate? (ADP)
The name of the evolutionary theory that postulates the origin of both mitochondria and chloroplasts as prokaryotic organisms that developed a symbiotic relationship with primordial eukaryotic cells.
What is the endosymbiont theory?(endosymbiosis)
The step that comes after glycolysis but before the Kreb's cycle and produces the Acetyl-CoA molecule necessary for the Kreb's Cycle.
What is the prep step/pyruvate oxidation?
This is where in the cell the Kreb's Cycle takes place.
Where is the mitochondrial matrix?
The proton gradient is what drives ATP synthase to work. When electrons move through the protein complexes of the electron transport chain, the hydrogen ions pump ________ their concentration gradient.
What is against? ([Lo] --> [Hi])
True or False: ATP Synthase requires energy to function.
FALSE, this process requires passive transport.
This space in the mitochondria has a very high concentration of hydrogen ions (protons) compared to its other compartment.
What is the intermembrane space?
The number of TOTAL ATP produced by glycolysis. (NOT NET)
What is 4?
This step is most important for producing these specific type of molecules necessary for the electron transport chain.
This molecule is regenerated during the electron transport chain, but also during fermentation, which allows glycolysis to continue.
What is NAD+?
What is glycolysis?