DNA and RNA Structure
What are the two types of Purines?
Adenine and Guanine
This separates the double-stranded helix into single strands to be copied
Helicase
mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
The start codon
AUG (Methionine)
Why is electrophoresis used?
to separate DNA, RNA or protein molecules based on their size and electrical charge.
What are the two types of Pyrimidines?
Cytosine and Thymine
This helps loosen the super coiled double helix thread of the helicase
Topoisomerase
Tells body how to make proteins
The end codon
UAG, UAA, or UGA
What is Polymerase Chain Reaction?
technique for rapidly producing millions to billions of copies of a specific segment of DNA
What is similar between the components of DNA and RNA?
Both had nitrogen bases with sugar-phosphate backbones
In what direction is DNA and RNA synthesized?
5' to 3'
What is tRNA's purpose?
decode a mRNA sequence into a protein
This is where translation occurs
What is bacterial transformation?
Process in which a bacterial cell takes DNA from environment and adds some of it to its own
What is the specific component of DNA?
The sugar deoxyribose
When one strand of DNA acts as a template for a new complementary strand
Semi-Conservative replication
What is rRNA's purpose?
read the order of amino acids and link them together
Translation contains these three process which consume energy
What is DNA sequencing?
technique for determining the exact sequence of nucleotides, or bases, in a DNA molecule
What is the specific component of RNA?
The sugar ribose
Enzyme that builds covalent bond between the sugar of a nucleotide and the phosphate group od the next phosphate
Ligase
What is the use of the poly-A tail?
makes the RNA molecule more stable
What does a group of 3 nucleotides encode?
Which of these techniques was used in the cheek lab?
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Electroporesis