Fitness and selection
Natural Selection and HW
Other modes of evolution
Evolutionary Relationships
Speciation
100
Being able to survive and reproduce
What is fitness?
100
This occurs because traits are often heritable and organisms compete to survive
What is natural selection?
100
When alleles are transferred between populations due to immigration
What is gene flow?
100
These two diagrams show relatedness, and the second also incorporates time
What are cladograms and phylogenetic trees?
100
This is required to have two different species
What is reproductive isolation?
200
Give and example of an organism that is more fit
I'll decide
200
When multiple niches are available and organisms evolve separately to fill those niches to avoid competition
What is adaptive radiation?
200
When a cataclysmic event occurs the remaining allele frequencies are different than they were before the event
What is bottleneck effect?
200
This represents speciation events and common ancestors
What is a node?
200
When each sub-species of a bird of paradise must perform their dances precisely or they will not get to mate.
What is an example of behavioral isolation?
300
An environmental factor that impacts whether an organism can survive and reproduce. ______________ pressure
What is selective pressure?
300
The two equations of HW equilibrium involve these terms and each of them mean . . .
What is p for dominant allele frequency, q for recessive alle frequency, p2 for homozygous dominant frequency, 2pq for heterozygous frequency, and q2 for homozygous recessive frequency?
300
When environments are similar they lead to the development of similar traits in two different lineages and the traits are called this
What is convergent evolution and analogous traits?
300
This lineage is the least related member of the clade
What is the outgroup?
300
The fur tree's pollen cannot physically attach to the pine tree's cone
What is an example of mechanical isolation?
400
When the extremes of a trait are both equally selected for, this type of selection occurs
What is disruptive selection?
400
If 30 out of 50 individuals have the dominant trait, how many are homozygous dominant assuming HW equilibrium?
7
400
These structures exist between organisms who share those types of ancestors
What are homologous traits and common ancestors?
400
These are the two most common categories of information to create cladograms
What are DNA (molecular data) and morphology (physical traits)
400
This keeps horses and donkeys from being considered the same species
What is hybrid sterility?
500
Give an example of stabilizing selection
(teacher discretion)
500
While pesticides (chemicals that kill insects on crops) are effective initially, researchers claim that the effectiveness of any one pesticide will be greatly reduced in as little as ten to fifteen years. What is an explanation that supports the claim that pesticides will eventually lose their effectiveness?
Something along the lines of: Insects that are naturally resistant to the pesticide will survive and reproduce more than the insects that are sensitive to the pesticide.
500
This is a number determined by the number of living offspring of one organism compared to the average number of living offspring for that population
What is relative/evolutionary fittness?
500
The bald eagle and alligator are alike in this way...
They both have a gizzard.
500
What is an experiment that could demonstrate how life originated?
(teacher discretion)