Chemistry
When to atoms share a pair of valence electrons
What is a (single) covalent bond
The attraction between water molecules which can be seen with surface tension.
What is cohesion
Each of the following is a polymer EXCEPT: a. protein, b. cellulose, c. glucose, d. DNA, e. triglyceride
What is C, GLUCOSE (it's a monosaccharide)?
Category of organic compounds that enzymes fall under.
What is proteins?
Reactions that can proceed in both directions.
What are reversible reactions?
A weak bond between bonded Hydrogen which has a partial positive charge and another atom on another molecule which has a partial negative charge
What is a hydrogen bond?
Ionic substances and substances with polar covalent bonds are soluble in water. Here, water is a_______.
What is a solvent
All macromolecules are established through these reactions.
What is dehydration synthesis?
When enzymes lose their three-dimensional shape and lose their ability to perform reactions they are ________.
What is denatured?
Given the molar concentration of an acidic solution, how do you calculate the pH of that solution?
What is pH = -log (concentration of that solution)
Atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
What is an isotope.
This is why water is less dense as a solid.
What is Hydrogen bonds become longer, pushing water molecules apart when freezing?
The difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
What is saturated has all single covalent bonds between the Carbons (is saturated with Hydrogens and is a solid at room temperature) whereas unsaturated fatty acids have some double covalent bonds between the Carbons (is liquid at room temperature and is not saturated with Hydrogens)
The type of bond that joins amino acids.
What is a peptide bond?
A buffer system is this.
What are weak acids and weak bases that exist to reduce the changes in the pH of a system (when a strong acid or base is added to that system)?
This holds ions together in an ionic bond
What is electrostatic attraction?
Substances that lack charged poles such as nonpolar covalent substances do not dissolve in water and are called _________ substances.
What is hydrophobic?
Name the monomers (building blocks) of each of the four macromolecules.
What is amino acids (for proteins), monosaccharides (for carbohydrates), glycerol and fatty acids (for lipids), and nucleotides (for nucleic acids)
Two motifs found in the secondary structure of protein formation.
What are beta barrel, beta-alpha-beta, or helix-turn-helix
For a molecule to interact with both hydrophobic substances and hydrophilic substances, it must be this.
What is amphipathic?
Atoms which have a strong affinity for electrons are said to have a high...
What is electronegativity?
The ability to raise one gram of water by one degree Celsius.
What is specific heat?
The hydrolysis of any macromolecules should results in the release of what.
What is energy? (from the breaking of bonds, where energy is stored)
3 types of interactions which form the tertiary structure in a polypeptide in protein formation.
What are hydrophobic interactions (or van der Waals associations), ionic bonds, and disulfide bridges?
Clearly identify 2 purines and 2 pyrimidines.
What are Purines: Adenine & Guanine
Pyrimidines: Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil