Experimental Design
In an experiment testing the effect of fertilizer on plant growth, this group does not receive the fertilizer treatment.
This is the only mammal capable of true powered flight.
What are Bats?
The place on the enzyme where the substrate binds.
What is the active site?
This enzyme separates the two DNA strands and creates the Replication fork.
What is Helicase?
This molecule binds to the receptor and triggers a cellular response in the target cell
What is a ligand?
This variable is intentionally changed by the scientist when setting up an experiment
What is the independent variable?
This organ in the human body can regenerate itself even after losing up to 75% of its mass.
What is the liver?
This type of inhibitor binds to the active site and blocks the substrate from entering.
This enzyme reads the DNA sequence and joins the new DNA nucleotides to the growing chain
What is DNA Polymerase?
What is paracrine signaling?
In a properly designed experiment, these variables are kept the same between groups to ensure fair testing.
What are constants?
This species was once thought biologically immortal because it can revert back to an earlier life stage instead of dying of old age.
What is the immortal jellyfish (Turritopsis dohrnii)?
High temperatures and extreme pH changes often cause this to happen to enzymes.
What is denature?
This strand is made in fragments moving away from the replication fork.
What is the lagging strand?
This type of cell membrane receptor dimerizes after the signal binds and relays the message to the interior of the cell.
What are Tyrosine Kinase Receptors?
A scientist tests the effect of different temperatures on enzyme activity. The enzyme activity measured at the end of the experiment is this type of variable.
What is the dependent variable?
This animal has the largest brain of any animal known to exist on Earth.
What is the sperm whale?
This type of inhibitor binds to the enzyme and changes it shape so the active site no longer fits the substrate.
What is a noncompetitive inhibitor?
This enzyme joins the sugar-phosphate backbone together between Okazaki fragments
What is ligase?
Calcium ions and cAMP often play this intracellular role in cell communication.
What are second messengers?
If scientists collecting data do not know which subjects received the treatment, the experiment is using this technique to reduce bias.
What is a blind study?
This is the largest organ in the human body.
What is the skin?
Enzymes speed up the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering this
What is the Activation Energy?
These short RNA fragments are required to start each new DNA strand
What are primers?
The addition of phosphate groups to activate proteins in the pathway and amplify the internal cellular response
What is a phosphorylation cascade?