Descent With Modification
Evolution of Populations
Speciation
Phylogeny
Hardy Weinberg
100
Carolus Linnaeus
Who is considered to be responsible for grouping similar species into increasingly general categories (taxonomy) reflecting what he considered the pattern of their creation.
100
Hardy Weinberg equilibrium
What is the frequencies of alleles and genes in a population's gene pool will remain constant over the course of generations.
100
a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring.
What is a species
100
Phylogenetic trees
What is name of the diagram that uses systems of branches to describe evolutionary relationships
100
1. A population of rabbits may be brown (the dominant phenotype) or white (the recessive phenotype). Brown rabbits have the genotype BB or Bb. White rabbits have the genotype bb. The frequency of the BB genotype is .35. What is the frequency of heterozygous rabbits?
What is the frequency of the heterozygous rabbits is 0.484
200
Homologous structures
What are structures that originated from a common ancestor but are currently used for a variety of purposes. Example, flying bats and swimming whales.
200
Bottleneck effect
What is a sudden change in the environment, such as a fire or flood, that may drastically reduce the size of the population.
200
Reproductive isolation
What is t.he existence of biological factors (barriers) that impede members of two species from producing viable, fertile offspring
200
Clade
What is a part of the phylogenetic tree that includes a group of species that includes an ancestral species and all of it descendants.
200
2. A hypothetical population of 10,000 humans has 6840 individuals with the blood type AA, 2860 individuals with blood type AB and 300 individuals with the blood type BB. What is the frequency of each genotype in this population?
What is AA = 0.684 / AB = 0.286 / BB = 0.03
300
Use and Disuse
What is Lamarck's idea that states parts of the body that are used extensively become larger and stronger, while those those that are not used deteriorate.
300
sexual recombination
What is responsible for the most genetic variations within a population.
300
Prezygotic barriers
What is a barrrier that prevents members of different species from reproducing by hindering fertilization.
300
The two criteria used to create phylogenies.
What are morphological and molecular data?
300
3. A population of birds contains 16 animals with red tail feathers and 34 animals with blue tail feathers. Blue tail feathers are the dominant trait. What is the frequency of the red allele?
What is 0.566
400
Natural selection is dependent on what 5 factors.
What is changing environment overpopulation variation in traits time organisms adaptation
400
Disruptive selection
What is a mode of selection that favors variants at both ends of the distribution
400
Punctuated equilibrium
What is the term used to describe periods of apparent stasis punctuated by sudden changes observed in the fossil record.
400
What is thought to be the primary source of increasing biological diversity over the past 250 million years.
adaptive radiation
400
9. The ability to taste PTC is due to a single dominate allele "T". You sampled 215 individuals in a biology class, and determined that 150 could detect the bitter taste of PTC and 65 could not. What is the predicted frequency of the recessive allele (t)?
What is 0.55
500
convergent evolution
What is the evolution of individual species with similar features but from different lineages.
500
crossing over independent assortment fertilization
What are 3 mechanisms for rearranging genetic combinations every generation.
500
Sympatric speciation
What is speciation that occurs in populations that live in the same geographic area.
500
Homeotic genes
What is the name of a group of regulatory genes that determine such basic features as to where a pair of wings or a pair of legs will develop on a bird
500
11. The trait for 'male-pattern baldness' is a recessive trait encoded for by "b". Non-balding is encoded for by a dominant allele encoded for by the letter "B". A street survey conducted by Hair Club for Men found that out of 1000 men, 360 had male pattern baldness, the other 480 who did not and were heterozygous, and 160 who did not and were homozygous for a full head of hair. What are the phenotype ratios? Baldness : Hair = 360 : 640
What is Baldness : Hair = 360 : 640
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