DNA Replication
The replication of DNA is done in the following way:
Semi conservative
Which molecule exits the nucleus of a cell in order to carry the genetic message to the protein-synthesizing machinery of the cell?
RNA (mRNA)
Which of the following best represents the expression of genes?
1. DNA > RNA > Protein
2. DNA > Protein > RNA
3. RNA > Protein > DNA
4. RNA > DNA > Protein
5. Protein > RNA > DNA
A. DNA > RNA > Protein
Which type of mutations can have a minimal effect on an organism, if any at all?
Point mutation
DNA is the polymer for which class of compounds?
(think of organic molecules)
A. Nucleic acids
In DNA replication, What is the function of polymerase?
Adds nucleotides alongside the leading strand.
If a segment of DNA contains the sequence 5'-GAT TTA ATG-3',
the resulting RNA must be
3'-CUA AAU UAC-5'
A triplet code is responsible for
encoding the instructions for the polypeptide chain
All of the following can potentially have adverse effects on DNA molecules EXCEPT
a. U.V light
b. Reactive chemicals occurring in the environment
c. X-rays
d. adenine
e. radioactive emissions
D. Adenine
Which scientists determined that DNA is the hereditary material in viruses?
Hershey & Chase (1952)
Okazaki fragments are joined by which enzyme?
DNA ligase
Mature mRNA is different from immature mRNA in that
mature mRNA has a poly A tail
mature mRNA has a 5' methyl cap
mature mRNA is spliced
During translation, the initiation complex is composed of
an mRNA, a tRNA molecule, and two ribosomal subunits
Which mutation can result in a change in the reading frame?
deletion
The Chi square test is useful in
1. testing validity of an experiment
2. testing validity of the statistics used in experiment
3. testing the validity of a null hypothesis
4. finding average results
5. developing hypothesis
3. testing the validity of a null hypothesis
A eukaryotic cell lacking helicase during DNA replication would
Be incapable of unwinding the DNA helix
Following the elongation phase of transcription, what happens to the template DNA strands?
They are rewound into a double helix.
What would occur if an mRNA molecule did not have polyribosomes?
Polypeptides would form at a slower pace.
Which of the following is a result of the defective separation of sister chromatids during meiosis?
1. Synapsis
2. Nondisjunction
3. Mutation
4. Translocation
5. Deletion
B. Nondisjunction
Which proteins are responsible for the first level of packing in eukaryotic chromatin?
Histones
Although eukaryotic cells contain over a thousand times more DNA than is found in a prokaryotic cell, it only takes a eukaryotic cell a few hours to copy all of its genetic material because
Eukaryotic cells have more than one replication site along its chain of DNA
Which of the following statements is true about DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase?
a. Both can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing polymer.
b.Both are responsible for unwinding the DNA helix and adding nucleotides.
c. RNA molecules elongate in the 3' to 5' direction while DNA elongates 5' to 3'.
d. DNA polymerase is only used during transcription and RNA polymerase is only used during translation.
e. Both are used during translation.
A. Both can only add nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing polymer.
What event occurs when a ribosome reaches a termination codon on mRNA?
The A site of the ribosome accepts a protein called a release factor.
A change in the gene sequence
DWPLART... to DWPLAART...
is called
Frameshift mutation
Rosalind Franklin’s pictures of the DNA double helix were taken using the technique known as
x-ray crystallography