Cell Division / DNA Replication
G1, S and G2.
What are the stages of interphase?
The movement of water or other solvents through a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to high solute concentration.
What is osmosis?
Programmed cell death.
What is apoptosis?
Amphibians, lizards, snakes or other organisms that gain heat from external surfaces.
What is an ectotherm?
Observable traits exhibited by an organism.
What is a phenotype?
The enzyme that “unzips” the genes.
What is helicase?
A movement of molecules requiring energy to move against the concentration gradient.
What is active transport?
The resting phase in cell cycle.
What is G0 phase?
Set of physiological changes that occur roughly every 24 hours.
What is a circadian rhythm?
When one allele for a specific trait is not completely expressed over its paired allele.
What is incomplete dominance?
Short sequences of DNA nucleotides which are synthesized discontinuously and later linked together by the enzyme DNA ligase.
What are Okazaki Fragments?
Proteins that allow water molecules to get through the phospholipid bilayer.
What are aquaporins?
A molecule that binds to another (usually larger) molecule.
What is a ligand?
Immunity in all animals that produces a rapid response and is capable of providing defense against a wide range of pathogens.
What is innate immunity?
A test to determine whether an individual whether an organism is dominant or recessive for a certain allele.
What is a test cross?
A microtubule that helps separate chromosomes during mitosis.
What are spindle fibers?
A process in which contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion with the cell membrane.
What is exocytosis?
A form of cell-to-cell communication in which cells produce a signal to induce changes in nearby cells.
What is paracrine signaling?
Marks pathogens for inactivation or destruction.
What is an antigen?
Genes on the same chromosome inherited together.
What are linked genes?
The final phase of both meiosis and mitosis that separates duplicated genetic material.
What is telophase?
A molecule having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts.
What is an amphipathic molecule?
An intracellular signaling molecule released by the cell in response to exposure to extracellular signaling molecules.
What is a second messenger?
A cycle of viral reproduction, resulting in the destruction of the infected cell.
What is the lytic cycle?
A method used to separate DNA, RNA or proteins according to size.
What is gel electrophoresis?