Unit 1
List a factor that can affect the rate of enzyme action.
What is initial concentration of substrate, pH, and temperature?
Type of transport that does not use energy
What is passive transport?
Give the reason for fermentation to occur.
What is an absence of oxygen?
Define apoptosis.
What is programmed cell death/ cell suicide?
Define ligand.
What is a molecule that binds with another specific type of molecule?
The linking together of molecules of the same kind, and the clinging of one substance to another.
What is cohesion and adhesion?
How a small, hydrophobic molecule crosses the plasma membrane.
What is simple diffusion?
2 G3P are needed to make...
What is one molecule of glucose?
List the phases of mitosis.
What are prophase, pro-metaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase?
Define glycolosis.
What is the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid?
The cause of ice to floating in water
What is hydrogen bonding causing ice to be less dense than liquid water?
Give one piece of evidence that supports the endosymbiotic theory.
What is mitochondria contain their own DNA, chloroplasts contain their own DNA, mitochondria and chloroplasts can self replicate, mitochondria and chloroplast chromosomes are circular, mitochondria and chloroplast are about the same size as bacteria, and more?
Name the final electron acceptor in fermentation.
What is pyruvate?
What happens in anaphase.
What is the stage in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle?
What is a polymer of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds?
List the four levels of protein structure.
What is primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary?
A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. After 24 hours, you would expect this cell to be _____ with the solution.
What is isotonic?
Why do high oxygen levels inhibit photosynthesis.
What is they can lead to photorespiration because O2 does not produce ATP, NADH, or sugar?
Which checkpoint in the cell cycle is considered the restriction point.
What is the G1 checkpoint?
Define exocytosis.
What is the process by which cells move materials from within the cell into the extracellular fluid?
Identify the process used to form the covalent peptide bonds that join amino acids into a polypeptide.
What is dehydration synthesis or a condensation reaction?
A cell is placed in an open container. Both the cell and the solution are at 27 C and contain 1.0 M of solute. The cell contains glucose while the solution contains Calcium Chloride. Which way will the water move.
PGAL molecules are formed from the reaction of PGA molecules with ATP and NADPH in this pathway.
What is the Calvin Benson Cycle?
Describe two events that occur in meosis and mitosis to ensure that make sure the resulting daughter cells inherit the appropriate number of chromosomes.
What is spindle elements forming, chromatin condenses, alignment of chromosomes across center of cell, G2 checkpoint, and more?
Define hypotonic.
What is having a lower osmotic pressure than a particular fluid?