Photosynthesis
The locations of the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.
What are the thylakoid membrane and the stroma?
The term used to describe nonpolar molecules that avoid interaction with water.
What is hydrophobic?
A polymer composed of many glucose subunits.
What is cellulose, plant starch, or glycogen?
The 2 types of Watson-Crick base pairs in DNA
What are adenine-thymine (A-T) and cytosine-guanine (C-G)?
The stage of cellular respiration in which most of the ATP is produced.
What is the ETC or oxidative phosphorylation stage?
A cluster of pigments and proteins found in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts that harvests light during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
What is a photosystem?
The term used to describe nearly any molecule that contains a carbon-hydrogen bond.
What is an organic molecule?
The process by which larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones through the loss of a water molecule.
What is hydrolysis?
The 3 components of a nucleotide.
What are a 5-carbon sugar, nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group?
The sequence of the 4 stages of cellular respiration.
What are glycolysis, the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl coA, the Krebs/Citric Acid Cycle, and the ETC?
A strategy developed by plants for dealing with hot, dry conditions in which they open their stomata at night and trap CO2 in the form of malic acid, which can then be used by the Calvin cycle during daylight hours.
What is the CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) pathway?
Term used to refer to molecules such as fatty acids, which are nonpolar and contain an abundance of energy in their carbon-hydrogen bonds.
What is a hydrocarbon?
A major function of carbohydrates.
What is providing quick energy?
Term used to describe the orientation of DNA strands within a double helix.
What is 'antiparallel?'
The stage of cellular respiration in which one molecule of glucose is oxidized to form 2 pyruvates, along with 2 the production of 2 ATP and 2 NADH.
What is glycolysis?
The first step of the Calvin Cycle
What is "RuBisCo catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide into a short-lived, 6-carbon intermediate by combining it with RuBP?"
The functional groups found in all amino acids.
What are amino (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) groups?
The term used to describe the loss of a protein's 3D shape, which may occur in response to extreme pH or high temperature.
What is denaturation?
Bonds found between the nucleotides in DNA or RNA.
What is a phosphodiester bond?
The stage of cellular respiration in which most of the NADH is produced.
What is the Krebs Cycle?
What is photorespiration?
The process by which monomers are linked to form polymers.
What is dehydration synthesis?
The type of glycosidic linkage found in cellulose, which cannot be digested by humans but can be digested by cows with the help of microbes found in their gut.
What are beta-glycosidic linkages?
An enzyme that adds a phosphate group to its substrate.
What is a kinase?
The terminal electron acceptor in the ETC.
What is molecular oxygen (O2)?