Evolution/Ecology
Darwin theorized that ______ ______ was the major driving mechanism of evolution.
What is natural selection?
This organelle is known as the "powerhouse of the cell" because it produces ATP through cellular respiration.
What is the mitochondria?
What are nucleotides?
This process occurs in the nucleus and makes mRNA.
What is transcription?
This process produces two identical daughter cells.
What is mitosis?
These two things could cause a population to reach its carrying capacity.
What is:
-lack of food, water, or space
-natural disasters
-competition
-disease
This structure controls what enters and leaves the cell and is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.
What is the cell membrane (plasma membrane)?
Proteins are composed of these monomers.
What are amino acids?
This process occurs on the ribosomes and generates proteins from mRNA templates.
What is translation?
Name the phase of mitosis in which sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.
What is anaphase?
These two organelles are thought to have arisen through endosymbiosis.
What are the mitochondria and chloroplasts?
This type of cell does not contain membrane-bound nuclei or organelles.
What are prokaryotes?
A blood cell is paced into a solution of distilled water. Will the shape of the cell change, and if so, how?
What is, yes, it will expand as water flows in?
This type of inheritance occurs when both alleles are expressed equally in a phenotype, such as when a red flower and a white flower produce offspring with red and white spots.
What is codominance?
What is meiosis?
What is the difference between homologous and analogous structures?
Homologous structures are evidence of common ancestry.
Analogous structures are similar but not derived from the same ancestor
Name the system of the body that protects us from pathogens.
What is the immune system?
This nucleotide always pairs with adenine in complementary RNA.
What is uracil?
In eukaryotes, this type of mRNA is spliced out and not translated.
What are introns?
Cellular respiration produces these two byproduct.
What is water and carbon dioxide?
What is it called when a population of fish is separate by a dam, and the groups on each side become reproductively isolated?
Allopatric
Considering only surface area-to-volume ratio, would a small cell or large cell be expected to be more efficient at obtaining resources and eliminating wastes?
What is a small cell?
Carbon needs this many covalent bonds in order to obtain a stable outer shell.
What is four?
In pea plants, round seeds are dominate to wrinkled seeds. If a homozygous round individual is crossed with a heterozygous round individual, what is the expected proportion of heterozygous offspring?
What is 1/2?
Photosynthesis produces these two products.
What are glucose and oxygen?