Chemistry of Life
This type of molecule allows oxygen to be more electronegative than hydrogen, leading to an unequal distribution of electrons.
What are polar molecules?
These are the four (4) macromolecules.
What are proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids?
This is a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
What are enzymes?
This macromolecule is the major structure of the plasma membrane.
What are phospholipids?
These are the two (2) products of photosynthesis.
What are glucose and oxygen?
The property of water where hydrogen bonds hold water molecules together.
What is cohesion?
This macromolecule stores all hereditary information and carries protein-coding instructions.
What are nucleic acids?
(True or False) - Enzymes change shape after a reaction.
What is false?
This is when molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
What is diffusion?
These are the three (3) factors needed for photosynthesis to occur.
What are carbon dioxide, light, and water?
The bond created by the slight negative charge at one end of a water molecule to the slight positive charge of another water molecule.
What are hydrogen bonds?
This is the semipermeable barrier that protects the cell and all that is enclosed within it.
What is the plasma membrane?
(Fill in the blank) Raising the temperature slightly will ____________________ the rate of a reaction A) increase B) decrease C) not change.
What is increase?
This is what provides structure and support for plant cells.
What are cell walls?
This is what carbon dioxide molecules enter the plant through.
What are stomata?
This property explains the ability of a water strider to walk on water.
What is surface tension?
This is a reaction in which two (2) molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a water molecule.
What is a dehydration synthesis reaction?
These compounds have carbon bonded to other atoms and determine structure/function of living things.
What are organic compounds?
This is the diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane.
What is osmosis?
(Fill in the blank) Chlorophyll and other pigments involved in the absorption of solar energy reside within the _________ of chloroplasts.
What is the thylakoid?
This element is the basic building block of all living things because of the number of bonds it is able to create with other elements.
What is carbon?
The atomic ratios for this macromolecule are C-1, H-2, O-1.
What are carbohydrates?
This reaction happens when water is used to break down polymers into monomers.
What are hydrolysis reactions?
These are water specific channels across the cell membrane.
What are aquaporins?
Plants use this process so that they can open their stomata at night and close their stomata during the day to avoid water loss during the hot days.
What is CAM photosynthesis?