Cell Types
The two main types of cells.
What are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
This organelle is responsible for cellular respiration.
What is the mitochondria?
The three types of fibers that make up the cytoskeleton.
What are microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments?
This term describes the plasma membrane’s ability to control what enters and exits the cell.
What is selective permeability?
This process moves molecules across a membrane without energy investment.
What is passive transport?
Paramecium is an example of this cell type.
What is a eukaryotic cell?
This organelle is the site of photosynthesis.
What is a cholorplast?
This cytoskeletal component is involved in muscle contraction and cell shape changes.
What are microfilaments?
This model describes the structure of the plasma membrane as proteins floating in a bilayer of phospholipids.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
This specific passive transport allows water molecules to move through the membrane.
What is osmosis?
What are Bacteria and Archaea?
This organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport.
What is the Golgi Apparatus?
This structure, made of microtubules, helps organize cell division in animal cells
What is the centrosome (or centrioles)?
These lipid membrane components stabilize the structure at different temperatures.
What is cholesterol?
This type of protein is used in facilitated diffusion to move hydrophilic molecules across the membrane.
What are carrier or channel proteins?
This structure in prokaryotic cells contain their DNA, but is not membrane bound.
What is the nucleoid region?
This membrane sac contains hydrolytic enzymes for digestion.
What is a lysosome?
This type of junction allows ions and small molecules to pass between adjacent animal cells.
What are gap junctions?
Proteins that are loosely attached to the surface of the membrane.
What are peripheral proteins?
This type of transport uses energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.
What is active transport?
This term explains why smaller cells are more efficient at allowing for faster and more efficient diffusion of nutrients in and waste products out of the cell than larger ones.
What is the surface area-to-volume ratio?
Give 3 pieces of evidence to support the endosymotic theory in mitochondria and cholorplasts.
1. having a double membrane
2. having their own ribosomes
3. having their own DNA
4. replicating through binary fission
5. being the same size as prokaryotic cells
This plant cell structure allows water and small solutes to move between adjacent cells.
What are plasmodesmata?
These carbohydrates attached to proteins or lipids serve as cellular recognition sites.
What are glycoproteins or glycolipids?
This mechanism couples the “downhill” diffusion of one substance with the “uphill” transport of another.
What is cotransport?