Chemistry of Life
Cell Structures
Enzymes
Photosynthesis
Cell Respiration
100
When water molecules "stick" to other water molecules, this is called...
cohesion
100
This organelle detoxifies alcohol, drugs and poison
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
100
Enzymes work by _______________ the activation of an enzyme
lowering
100
Which 3 types of organisms photosynthesize?
plants, algae, cyanobacteria
100
What is the product of glycolysis?
pyruvate
200
Two water molecules are held together by this type of bond
hydrogen bond
200
This is how large molecules, such as proteins, move across the cell membrane
Endocytosis
200
The diagram below shows
allosteric inhibition
or
noncompetitive inhibition
200
Which photosynthesizer evolved first and oxygenated the atmosphere?
cyanobacteria
200
The electron transport chain takes place here.
mitochondrial inner membrane
300
In the diagram below, what is C?
Nitrogenous base
300
In the diagram below, C is pointing to... (4 words)
hydrophobic fatty acid tails
300
In the diagram, the dotted line shows...
an enzyme-catalyzed reaction without the enzyme
300
What are the products of the light reactions?
ATP and NADPH
300
In the electron transport chain, the proton gradient powers...
the formation of ATP
or
ADP + Pi => ATP
400
The diagram below shows a... (what is it and is it saturated or not?)
unsaturated fatty acid
400
Give two pieces of evidence to support Endosymbiont Theory.
mitochondria/chloroplasts have DNA
mitochondria/chloroplasts have ribosomes
mitochondria/chloroplasts have double membrane
capable of functioning on their own
400
Some amino acid R groups have sulfur. Disulfide bridges contribute to the ________ structure of a protein
tertiary
400
During the Calvin cycle, this enzyme breaks down RuBP into 3 molecules of 3PG
rubisco
400
What two processes can some cells do to produce energy in the absence of oxygen?
anaerobic respiration
fermentation
500
In the diagram below, new monomers will be added to the...
3' hydroxyl
500
What characteristic most limits cell size?
Surface area to volume ratio
500
An amino acid substitution in a protein could lead to changes in what structural levels?
primary, secondary, tertiary
500
3 outputs of the Calvin Cycle
Glucose
ADP
NADP+
500
How is ATP produced in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?
substrate-level phosphorylation