Facilitated Diffusion
Tonicity and Osmoregulation
Mechanisms of Transport
Compartmentalization
Origins of Cell Compartmentalization
100
Concentration gradient allows for _______ diffusion. (HINT: Does it require energy?)
What is Passive?
100
Water moves from areas of low solute concentration to high solute concentration through this process.
What is Osmosis?
100
This type of transport moves molecules from high to low concentration without using energy.
What is Passive Transport?
100
What does cell Compartmentalization mean?
What is Dividing the cell into different membrane-bound areas (organelles) so processes can occur more efficiently?
100
The theory that explains the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
What is the Endosymbiosis theory?
200
A carrier protein binds to a substance and in doing so, changes the _____ of the carrier protien.
What is Shape?
200
A solution that has the same solute concentration as the cell’s interior is called ____.
What is Isotonic?
200
This process involved water moving across a selectively permeable membrane toward a higher solute concentration.
What is Osmosis?
200
Which type of cell, Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic, shows compartmentalization?
What is a Eukaryotic cell?
200
The shape of DNA for Mitochondria and Chloroplast that is similar to Bacterial DNA.
What is Circular?
300
Materials diffuse (spread out) across the plasma membrane with help of _______.
What is Membrane Proteins?
300
When a red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, this happens to it.
What is It Swells and Bursts, or Lyses?
300
This protein assisted transport required energy to move molecules across their concentration gradient.
What is Active Transport?
300
Why is compartmentalization important for a cell’s chemical reactions?
What is because it keeps reactions in separate environments, preventing interference and increasing efficiency?
300
The type of bacteria that evolved into mitochondria.
What is Aerobic Bacterium?
400
What channel proteins allow water to pass through the membrane at a high rate?
What are Aquaporins?
400
When plant cells are in a hypertonic solution, the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall in this process.
What is Plasmolysis?
400
During this process, a cell uses vesicles to take in large solid particles, often called "cell eating."
What is Phagocytosis?
400
Explain how compartmentalization in mitochondria improves ATP production.
What is because the inner and outer membranes create separate spaces for different steps of respiration, making energy production more efficient?
400
The type of bacteria that evolved into chloroplast.
What is Cyanobacterium?
500
The exterior surface plasma membrane allows for polar attachment through what 2 receptors?
What are Proteins and Glycoprotein receptors?
500
Freshwater fish are this type of tonicity to their environment, making them forced to get rid of extra water through their gills and urine.
What is Hypertonc to their environment?
500
This equation predicts the movement of water in and out of cells.
What is Water Potential?
500
How did compartmentalization contribute to the evolution of complex Eukaryotic cells?
What is that it allowed cells to perform many specialized reactions at once, leading to greater complexity and the rise of multicellular organisms?
500
This structural feature of mitochondria and chloroplasts supports the endosymbiosis theory.
What is Double Membrane?