Review Unit 1
These are the four major biomolecules (and we will never forget them).
What are proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids?
What is the plasma membrane?
This idea is what allows many different chemical reactions to safely happen in one cell at the same time.
What is compartmentalization? (or membrane-bound organelles)
If a cells shape stays the same, but the dimensions of the sides or radius increases, this will happen to the ratio of surface area to volume. (is this good or bad for diffusion?)
What is decrease? (and that's bad for diffusion)
This idea means many different types of cell membrane components can move around the membrane.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
Water is awesome and nuanced....this part is negative and this part is positive.
What are oxygen and hydrogen?
What is the chromosome?
This is the shipping and processing center of the cell, modifying molecules before sending them to other areas.
What is the golgi complex?
Out of a cube, a sphere, and an elongated cylinder...this is the shape with the best surface area to volume ratio.
What is the elongated cylinder?
This cytoplasmic membrane component may sound bad in the doctor's office, but it helps keep the membrane stable and fluid at different temperatures.
What is cholesterol?
When water acts as this, it is dissolving solutes, such as sodium chloride or sugar.
What is a solvent?
What are ribosomes?
Part of this organelle produces proteins, while the other produces lipids and carbohydrates.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum? (rough and smooth)
What is the phospholipid?
What are glycolipids and glycoproteins?
I want to see if caffeine makes my heart beat faster. If I say, "When I drink caffeine, my heartrate will not change," this is an example of a ____ hypothesis.
What is a null hypothesis?
This is the Greek word part for "cell", and we used it a lot this month.
What is "cyto"?
These are the two organelles associated with endosymbiont theory, as well as the evidence for the theory.
What are the chloroplast and mitochondria, which have double membranes, their own ribosomes, their own DNA, and function autonomously?
This part of the phospholipid is __________, which basically means "water loving". (a two part question)
What is the hydrophilic phosphate head?
These two types of molecules may be small, but they have some trouble getting through the cell membrane because of A) charge or B) polarity.
What are ions and water?
I bought regular and decaffeinated coffee to drink on alternating mornings, then I will measure my heart rate. Also, I will alternate days and drink just one cup each day. These are the A) independent variable, B) dependent variable, and C) constant.
What are the A) type of coffee (independent/controlled), B) heart rate (dependent/measured), and C) volume of coffee (constant)?
Found in all cells, this unstructured area is primarily made of water, but also contains many other components, including free-floating ribosomes.
What is the cytosol (or cytoplasm)?
Animal cells don't have these THREE structures...but plants do.
What are central vacuoles, chloroplasts, and cell wall?
These lipids will bend their "tails" outwards, unlike the other kind, which stay straight.
What are unsaturated fatty acids?
Facilitated diffusion requires these two things (one inside the membrane and one on either side of the membrane).
What are a transmembrane protein and a high to low concentration gradient?