Parts of the Cell
The Plasma Membrane
Passive Transport
Active Transport
Potential & Movement
100
This organelle is responsible for the control of the cell and the housing of important information.
What is the nucleus
100
This term describes the double layer that forms the basic structure of the cell membrane.
What is the Phospholipid Bilayer
100
This type of passive transport uses channel or carrier proteins to help substances cross the membrane.
What is facilitated diffusion
100
This type of endocytosis allows the cell to bring in large amounts of extracellular fluid, along with anything else there.
What is pinocytosis.
100
This type of solution results in the swelling and potential explosion of an animal cell. Great for plants, though.
What is a hypotonic solution (high water potential)
200
This theory helps to explain why certain parts of the cells have their own sets of instructions
What is the Theory of Endosymbiosis
200
These types of proteins like to take multiple sides, especially of the plasma membrane
What are integral/transport proteins.
200
This type of transport is only available to those who can sneak through phospholipid crowds.
What is (simple) diffusion.
200
Proton pumps, as primary forms of active transport, allow this type of molecular difference to be created by the cell. Great for coupling with a piece of passive protein machinery.
What is an electrochemical gradient
200
A plant wilts because water leaves its cells when placed in this type of solution. Blame the turgor pressure.
What is a hypertonic solution.
300
A cell that produces large amounts of enzymes would likely have an abundance of this organelle.
What is the ribosome
300
This model describes the membrane as proteins floating in or on a fluid phospholipid bilayer.
What is the fluid mosaic model
300
This difference in molecules allows oxygen to be brought from the lungs into the bloodstream.
What is the concentration gradient.
300
This form of active transport help to transport Na+ and K+ to where they don't want to go in the cell.
What is the sodium potassium pump
300
A cell with a water potential of -0.5 bars is placed in a solution with a water potential of -1.2 bars. According to water potential, which direction would the water move?
The water would move out of the cell (hypertonic solution)
400
This classification of organic molecule, created in the endoplasmic reticulum, allows molecules to be transported through the dangerous cytoplasm to where they need to go.
What is a (phospho)lipid
400
Without this type of organic molecule, the cell membrane wouldn't be able to survive in high heat or freezing cold.
What are lipids (cholesterol)
400
This type of protein has the ability to change shape in order to let these two types of molecules into the cell.
What are large and charged molecules.
400
This type of active transport uses protein receptors to sense ligand presence and activate a shape change in the cell.
What is receptor-mediated endocytosis
400
What is the water potential of an open container if the solute potential is -10 bars?
-10 bars (W = S + P, P=0)
500
Scientists discover a new organelle that looks similar to modern archaea. What is one characteristic or comparison that scientists could use to determine if the organelle had prokaryotic origin?
DNA, ribosomes, double membrane, genome sequence
500
What part of the plasma membrane causes the cell to be attacked by white blood cells and why does this occur?
Glycoproteins, because they are used in cell recognition.
500
Evaluate how increased membrane surface area affects the rate of passive transport in intestinal epithelial cells.
It would increase the rate of transport because more surface area = more molecular movement into/out of the cell.
500
Predict the effects of an protein pump inhibitor molecule on the efficiency of a co-transport protein.
It would fail/slow down because the inhibitor will stop the protein pump from working, leading to no electrochemical gradient and no ions to use for co-transport.
500
What is the water potential of a 10M sucrose solution at 25C in an open system?
What is -247.6 bars