Replication
This enzyme adds nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction.
What is DNA polymerase?
This molecule is created from transcription and forms the essential information bridge between DNA and proteins.
What is mRNA?
These three-nucleotide “words” of mRNA specify amino acids during translation.
What are codons?
This DNA segment acts as the “on/off switch” for bacterial operons.
What is the operator?
This type of small scale mutation does not cause any change in the amino acids codes for during translation.
What is a silent mutation?
This type of animal was the first to be cloned.
What is a sheep? (Dolly the sheep to be specific)
Chargaff's Rule tells us that these purines always match up with these pyrimidines in a double stranded DNA molecule. (Write both pairs with the purine first & pyrimidine second)
What are adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine?
This eukaryotic DNA sequence, rich in adenines and thymines, is crucial for formation of the transcription initiation complex.
What is the TATA box?
This area, made of rRNA and proteins, is where translation occurs.
What is a ribosome?
Gene regulation in prokaryotes almost always happens during this process.
What is transcription?
This technique is used to separate DNA fragments based on their size.
What is gel electrophoresis?
This is Ms. Wavrunek's due date when she expects to have her baby and no longer be at school.
When is February 10th.
This enzyme helps "unzip" DNA by breaking apart these types of bonds. (2 parts to answer)
What is helicase and hydrogen bonds?
These two modifications at the ends of a pre-mRNA transcript increase stability and facilitate export from the nucleus.
What are the 5′ cap and poly-A tail?
During this phase, amino acids are connected together with these types of bonds. (2 parts to answer)
What are elongation and peptide bonds?
Operons can either be turned on or off. This type of operon is typically on but can be turned off where as this type of operon is typically off but can be turned on. (2 parts to answer)
This type of large scale mutation causes chromosome to separate incorrectly during meiosis.
What is nondisjunction?
What year did Dr. Gerke graduate from West De Pere High School?
When is 1983?
This enzyme helps to relieve the supercoiling of a DNA strand ahead of the replication fork.
What is topoisomerase?
These three different phrases help describe the process of transcription.
What are initiation, elongation, and termination?
This specific start codon signals tRNA to bring methionine to the ribsome to begin the polypeptide chain.
What is AUG?
These type of genes are upstream of an operon and code to produce proteins that will determine if the operon is on or off.
What are regulatory genes?
Missense mutations can be labeled two ways, in this the amino acid that is replaced has a similar type of R group and in this the amino acid that is replaced has an opposite type of R group.
What are conservative and non-conservative?
Anna and Elsa are the princess and queen of this kingdom in Frozen.
What is Arendelle?
These fragments are created on the lagging strand during DNA replication due to having to read the DNA "backwards" and are then joined by this enzyme. (2 parts to answer)
What are Okazaki fragments and DNA ligase?
The are non-coding sections of a gene that are removed during modification of pre-mRNA.
What are introns?
This term is used to describe the movement of tRNA through the A, P, and E sites of the large ribosomal subunit.
What is translocation?
In eukaryotes, a group of cells can send these to another group of cells via direct contact or paracrine signaling to activate transcription factors and change gene expression.
What are inductive signals?
PCR, meaning this, is a type of biotechnology utilized to make several copies of a specific DNA segment.
What is polymerase chain reaction?
This is the most streamed song of all time.
What is "Blinding Lights" by the Weeknd?