Structure of DNA
DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
Protein Synthesis
Gene Regulation
Genetic Engineering
100
The nitrogenous base adenine pairs with ________ in DNA, but _________ in RNA.
What are THYMINE and URACIL?
100

The phase of the cell cycle during which DNA replication takes place

What is S (synthesis) phase.

100

This organelle is responsible for building proteins.

What are RIBOSOMES?

100
Eukaryotic DNA is coiled into these highly condensed structures.
What are CHROMOSOMES?
100
This is a piece of circular bacterial DNA.
What is a PLASMID?
200

If a DNA strand had 100 pairs, and 35 of those pairs contained Adenine, the strand would have this many Cytosine molecules.

65 cytosine molecules

200
This enzyme unwinds the DNA molecule before DNA replication.
What is HELICASE?
200
Proteins are long chains made up of this type of molecule.
What are AMINO ACIDS?
200
This enzyme must bind to the promoter region of DNA in order to begin protein synthesis.
What is RNA POLYMERASE?
200
This type of protein is used to cut DNA at a particular sequence.
What is a RESTRICTION ENZYME?
300
DNA is a polymer made up of monomers called __________.
What are nucleotides.
300
This disease can result when cells divide more frequently than usual.
What is CANCER?
300

Amino acids are linked together with this type of bond.

What is a PEPTIDE BOND?

300
Chromatin is wound around this protein when DNA is in its highly condensed form.
What is a HISTONE?
300
The two steps of inserting an engineered plasmid into a bacteria are ____________ and _____________.
What are RECOMBINATION and TRANSFORMATION?
400
This sugar is part of the backbone of the DNA molecule.
What is deoxyribose?
400
This enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the strand of DNA that is being copied during DNA replication.
What is DNA POLYMERASE?
400
This type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and binds to mRNA based on its anticodon.
What is tRNA?
400

Sequences of genes that are removed from mRNA before translation are called ____________.

What are INTRONS?

400
Plasmids often contain genes for ___________, because this can be used to test whether or not cells have incorporated the plasmid.
What is ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE?
500
Adenine and ___________ are both purines, while cytosine and ___________ are both pyrimidines.
What are GUANINE and THYMINE?
500

This is how you can determine the leading vs. lagging strand of a new DNA strand. 

DNA replicates in a 5'-3' direction

500

The characteristic(s) of DNA that makes it a useful for heredity information.

Nucleotide bases in one strand can only be paired with specific bases in the other strand. Template strands being used for replication allows high accuracy.

500

This reason is why mutations are seen as beneficial.

They increase genetic diversity for evolution.

500
This substance acted as a promoter for the gene in question in the bacterial transformation lab. 

Arabinose

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