DNA
Chargaff's rule states this:
A=T and C=G
The half of DNA that is synthesized continuously during replication.
Leading strand
The small subunit of this recognizes and attaches to the 5ʹ cap of mRNA at the beginning of translation.
Ribosome
A mutation that doesn't change the amino acid sequence is considered...
Silent
Why can transcription and translation take place at the same time in eukaryotes?
Occurs in different parts of the cell
Category of enzymes that cut DNA
restriction enzymes
The three parts of a DNA nucelotide
Deoxyribose, phosphate, nitrogenous base
In a nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped around these.
Histones
Molecules that makes the product of transcription
RNA polyerase
This type of mutation introduces a premature stop codon into the mRNA.
Nonsense mutation
This is a circular piece of DNA found in bacteria
Plasmids
PCR stands for
polymerase chain reaction
The type of chemical bond found between paired bases of the DNA double helix.
Hydrogen bond
The enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5ʹ → 3ʹ direction.
DNA polymerase
This piece of tRNA is complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon
Anticodon
This gene mutation might result in the substitution of one amino acid for another in the active site of an enzyme.
Point mutation
These 2 structures help to stabilize mRNA by inhibiting its degradation in Eukaryotes.
5ʹ cap and poly (A) tail
PCR works because of this heat resistant enzyme
taq polymerase
DNA strands are described as this term because the 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction of one strand runs counter to the 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction of the other strand.
Antiparallel
It joins Okazaki fragments together.
Ligase
Location on DNA that define where the transcription of a gene should begin
Promoter
The reason freshwater stickleback lack a pelvic spine
What is a deletion of the pelvic switch.
The coding segments of a stretch of eukaryotic DNA (parts not cut out).
Exons
Plasmids often contain genes for ___________, because this can be used to test whether or not cells have incorporated the plasmid.
Antibiotic Resistance
These two purines: ___________________ and ______________________ bind to this carbon on deoxyribose.
adenine, guanine, carbon 1
The enzyme that relieves strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork.
Topoisomerase
This process can allow the production of proteins of different sizes from a single mRNA.
Alternative splicing
How do enhancer regions, mediators, activators, general transcription factors, and polymerase work together?
.....
Two pieces of evidence that proves transformation has occurred in lab
Growth on the ampicillan plate
Glow on the arabinose plate
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments by ________________ and _________________
size and charge