Abbreviate It
GMO
What is genetically modified organism?
These molecules that were originally found in bacteria are now used by humans to cut DNA strands.
What are restriction enzymes?
corn, etc
The use of DNA to treat disease.
What is gene therapy?
GE
What is Genetic Engineering?
Molecule A and B are both injected into different wells of a gel as an electrical charge is applied. Molecule A moves towards the positive end of the gel box which means it likely has this charge.
What is negative?
The human genome project was completed in this year.
What is 2003?
A gene was excised from bacteria and inserted into the genome of rice plants to help make them more resistant to freezing. These rice plants, now having genes from multiple species, would be referred to as this term.
What is transgenic?
A modern gene editing technique that allows genes to be inserted at specific, rather than random, locations in the genome.
What is CRISPR-CAS9?
PCR
What is Polymerase Chain Reaction?
A scientists identifies a small sample of DNA on a historical artifact. In order to study the sample further, this technique would be the most valuable to increase the quantity of molecules in the sample.
What is PCR?
According to both DNA and physical evidence, this is the most likely cause of death of King Tut.
combo of malaria, broken foot (infection), bone disorders/club foot.
Before inserting a human gene into a recombinant plasmid for transformation into prokaryotic cells, these non-coding sequences would need to be removed.
What are introns?
This technique is used during bacterial transformation to encourage bacteria to uptake naked DNA from their environment.
heat shock
RFLP (2 of 4 letters accepted as a correct response)
What is Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism?
When sequencing a particular gene, it is important to add these specially modified nitrogen bases that halt transcription when they are added to a growing DNA chain.
What are terminator bases?
The first successful mammalian clone - a sheep - was named after this famous actress.
Who is Dolly Parton?
This would be an example of a selectable marker a researcher might use to identify bacteria that were successfully transformed with a particular gene of interest.
antibiotic resistance
A researcher is attempting to insert a human gene into a plasmid. A restriction enzyme that makes this type of cut would be the best choice so that the gene and the plasmid recombine when mixed in a tube.
What is sticky?
CRISPR (3 of 6 letters accepted as a correct response)
What is Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats?
A particular plasmid has two restriction sites for EcoRI that produce fragments of size 70 and 30 kb. It also has one restriction site for HaeIII that produces a fragment of size 100 kb. When used together, the fragments produced are of size 40 and 30. Draw a map of this plasmid.
The HaeIII site cuts in between the size 70 piece created by EcoRI to create two fragments of size 30 and one of size 40.
This specific polymerase is important to the process of PCR because it resists denaturation at high temperatures.
What is reverse transcriptase?
A recombinant plasmid must contain at least 3 features in order to be successfully used as a vector. Name 2 of these features.
origin of replication, selectable marker, gene of interest