Atoms
What information does the atomic number provide?
Number of protons
On the pH scale, what denotes an acid?
0-6.9
Type of bond where electrons are shared equally?
Nonpolar Covalent
What is the form of energy your cells use?
ATP
If carbon has an atomic number of 6 and a mass of 12. How many electrons does it have?
6
What information does the atomic mass provide?
number of protons and neutrons
On the pH scale what denotes a base?
7.1-14
Type of bond where electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
Ionic
What is the name of the substance that is dissolved in a solution?
Solute
How are DNA and RNA different?
RNA - single stranded, ribose sugar, bases A,C,T,G
DNA - double stranded, deoxyribose sugar, A,U,C,G
What are the three subatomic particles and what are their charges?
Proton (+)
Neutron (0)
Electron (-)
What type of ions do acids release in water?
hydrogen (H+)
Type of bond where electrons are shared unequally.
Polar covalent
What are the four elements that comprise 96% of living matter?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen
What are the three properties of water that allow for its unique properties?
High Heat Capacity, Cohesion, Adhesion
Where is each of the three subatomic particles located in an atom?
Proton/Neutron = in nucleus
Electrons = in clouds/orbitals outside the nucleus
What type of ions do bases release in water?
Hydroxide (OH-)
How are hydrogen bonds similar to ionic bonds?
Both are due to opposite charge attractions.
What are the four most common electrolytes found in sports drinks?
Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Chloride (Cl)
Why is water considered a universal solvent?
It can dissolve any ionic or polar covalent compound.
What is the most important determinant of an atom's bonding behavior?
Number of valence electrons
What is the pH of blood?
7.4
Describe how a hydrogen bond works.
What are the two types of secondary protein structures?
alpha helix, beta-pleated sheet
What type of nonpolar covalent bond forms between nitrogen (N2)?
Triple Bond