Bound to Know...
These are a blending of atomic orbitals to create orbitals of intermediate energy.
hybrid orbitals
Widely considered to be the father of the periodic table.
Dmitri Mendeleev
pH range of bases at standard conditions
>7
Consider a 1.53- L sample of gaseous SO2 at a pressure of 5.6 × 103 Pa. If the pressure is changed to 1.5 × 104 Pa at a constant temperature, what will be the new volume of the gas?
0.57 L
AKA the 1st Law of Thermodynamics
Law of Conservation of Energy
These come from the sideways overlap of p atomic orbitals.
pi bonds
Famous For: Being the first “Modern Chemist” this scientist has a law named after him that relates the pressure and volume of a gas.
Robert Boyle
The pH of 0.1-molar sodium hydroxide is
13
A sample of gas at 15oC and 1 atm has a volume of 2.58 L. What volume will this gas occupy at 38oC and 1 atm?
2.79 L
The energy required to reach the transition state.
Activation energy
How is the xenon atom in XeF4 hybridized?
sp3d2
Englishman who gave us the basis for modern atomic theory.
John Dalton
Lewis definition
donates an electron pair
The density of a gas was measured at 1.50 atm and 27oC and found to be 1.95 g/L. Calculate the molar mass of the gas.
32.0 g/mol
When solid ammonium chloride, NH4Cl(s) is added to water at 25 °C, it dissolves and the temperature of the solution decreases. Describe the values of ΔH and ΔS for the dissolving process?
+
How many pi and sigma bonds are found in a molecule of C2H2?
1 pi and 5 sigma
Famous For: Being the “Father of Chemical Warfare” and synthesizing ammonia used in fertilizers and explosives.
Fritz Haber
Calculate the pH for a 15.0 M solution of NH3 (Kb = 1.8 × 10−5).
12.20
The partial pressure of oxygen was observed to be 156 torr in air with a total atmospheric pressure of 743 torr. Calculate the mole fraction of O2 present.
0.210
When solid NH4SCN is mixed with solid Ba(OH)2 in a closed container, the temperature drops and a gas is produced. Indicate the correct signs for ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS for the process?
ΔG -
ΔH +
ΔS +
What is the bond angle in water?
104.5 degrees
Swedish inventor, engineer and industrialist who had obtained a total of 355 patents in his lifetime. He was most well-known for inventing dynamite, and for developing some more powerful explosives and detonators to effectively ignite them.
Alfred Nobel
accept more than one H+
polyprotic bases
Suppose we have a 12.2-L sample containing 0.50 mol oxygen gas (O2) at a pressure of 1 atm and a temperature of 25oC. If all this O2 were converted to ozone (O3) at the same temperature and pressure, what would be the volume of the ozone?
8.1 L
Cu(s) + 2 Ag+ → Cu2+ + 2 Ag(s)
If the equilibrium constant for the reaction above is 3.7 × 1015, describe the standard voltage, E°, and the standard free energy change, ΔG°, for this reaction?
E° +
ΔG° -