Intermolecular Forces
Dipole-dipole interactions can be:
a. Repulsive
b. Attractive
c. Both
c. Both
The gaseous state of a substance that's usually a solid or liquid
What is the formula for the ideal gas law?
PV=nRT
What is another name for a solution?
Homogeneous mixture
True or false: All molecules exhibit LDFs, including polar molecules.
True
True or False: The volume, density and interparticle distances are different when particles keep their chemical identity in all three states of matter.
True
What is the relationship between volume and pressure?
As volume decreases, pressure increases.
What is the equation to find molarity?
moles of solute/liters of solution
What does hydrogen bonding result from?
From intermolecular attractions between molecules containing a hydrogen atom that's convalently bonded to an electronegative element (N, O, F)
What are metallic and ionic solids?
Metallic solids - solids composed of metal atoms
Ionic solids - solids composed of ions
What is the value of the ideal gas constant (R)?
0.0821 L*atm/mol*K
True or False: Substances with similar intermolecular interactions tend to be insoluble in one another.
False; they're soluble in one another
Which property increases as IMFs increase?
a. Viscosity
b. Volatility
c. Surface tension
d. Both A and C
d. Both A and C
What is a crystalline solid?
A solid that has a repeating pattern (any direction) of atoms
What does Gay-Lussac's law describe?
The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when the volume is constant
What do scientists use chromatography for?
Used to separate components of a solution b/c of the attractive forces in the components of the mobile/stationary phases
Why are ion-dipole forces the strongest intermolecular force?
The charge of the ion is greater than the charge of the dipole
What factors show how the states of matter are dictated?
What does each variable stand for in PV=nRT?
P (pressure), V (volume), n (number of moles), R (ideal gas law constant), and T (temperature)
What can particulate models be used for?
Representing interactions between components of a mixture and representing concentrations of components