Equilibrium & Solutions
This is the formula of the precipitate formed when ammonium sulfate solution reacts with strontium nitrate solution.
What is SrSO4?
A substance that donates a proton (H+) in a chemical reaction.
What is a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
The volume of 1 mole of an ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure.
What is 22.4 liters?
This substance affects the rate of the forward and reverse reactions equally.
Given the reduction half reaction of X + 2e- --> X2-, this would be the oxidation half reaction.
What is X2- ---> X + 2e-?
When the reaction quotient is smaller than the equilibrium constant, the reaction shifts in this direction to reach equilibrium.
What is the forward direction?
These are the strong acids.
What are HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO3, HClO4, and H2SO4?
This law incorporates the ideas of Boyle, Charles, and Avogadro.
What is the ideal gas law?
This is the identifier given to the step of the reaction mechanism that has a larger activation energy on the potential energy diagram.
What is the slow step?
This quantity is positive for a spontaneous galvanic cell and is related to the standard Gibbs free energy change.
What is cell potential?
For the reaction N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g), the system is compressed at constant temperature. This is the effect on equilibrium position and NH3 concentration.
What is a shift to the right, increasing NH3?
The equation used to find the pH of a buffer solution.
What is the Henderson-Hasselbach equation?
When 5.00 g of hydrogen gas reacts completely with excess oxygen gas to form water, this number of grams of water is produced. (2H2 + O2 → 2H2O)
What is 44.7 g of H2O?
A linear graph for a first-order reaction of the decomposition of compound A is obtained when plotting time versus this.
What is ln[A]?
This is one way to calculate Eocell.
What is Eocathode - Eoanode? OR What is Eoreduction - Eooxidation (if both reduction potentials)? Or What is Eoreduction + Eooxidation (if reduction and oxidation potentials)?
For the reaction H2 + I2 <--> 2HI, if the initial concentrations of H2 and I2 are both 0.10 M and Kc = 64, this is the equilibrium concentration of HI.
What is 0.160 M?
This is the point at which the pKa equals the pH.
What is the half-equivalence point?
When 10.0 g of N2 and 10.0 g of H2 react according to N2 + 3H2 --> 2NH3, this is the mass of NH3 produced.
What is 12.1 grams of NH3?
For a reaction with the rate law rate = k[A]2[B], doubling [A] while halving [B] causes the overall rate to change by this factor.
What is a factor of 2?
This type of cell has a negative standard cell potential, requiring an external power source.
What is an electrolytic cell?
For the reaction N2+ 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3, the initial concentrations of N2 and H2 are both 0.500 M and NH3 is 0.000 M. If the equilibrium concentration of NH3 is 0.0848 M, this is the value of the equilibrium constant.
What is Keq equals 0.278?
A buffer is able to resist changes in pH because it contains these two key components.
What is a weak acid and its conjugate base? OR What is a weak base and its conjugate acid?
Helium effuses approximately 4.6 times faster than this noble gas at the same temperature and pressure.
What is krypton?
This is the rate law for the following mechanism:
Step 1 (fast equilibrium): NO + Br2 <--> NOBr2
Step 2 (slow): NOBr2 + NO --> 2NOBr
What is rate = k[NO]2[Br2]
These are the differences between voltaic and electrolytic cells in terms of energy conversion, spontaneity, and charge of anode/cathode.
What is electrolytic converts electrical to chemical energy, is nonspontaneous, and the anode is positive and cathode is negative and voltaic cell converts chemical to electrical energy, is spontaneous, and the anode is negative and the cathode is positive?