Chemistry Terms
Exothermic Reaction
Define electron configuration.
The representation of the arrangement of electrons distributed among the orbital shells and subshells.
What is the Ideal Gas Law?
PV = nRT
Balance the following equations:
C3H8 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O
C3H8 + 5O2 --> 3CO2 + 4H2O
F = 96,500 coulomb's per mole of electrons
Usually reversible change to a substance's properties such as size, shape, or state of matter.
Physical Change
What is the maximum number of electrons each subshell can contain? (SPDF)
S=2, P=8, D=18, F=32
What is Avogadro's number?
6.022 * 10-23 J/K
Balance the following equation:
Be2C + H2O --> Be(OH)2 + CH4
Be2C + 4H2O --> 2Be(OH)2 +CH4
Which of the following has the biggest 1st ionization energy?
Na, Mg, Al, Si
Silicon (Si)
Assumes that each atom in a molecule will achieve a geometry that minimizes the repulsion between electrons in the valence shell of that atom.
VESPR Theory
Name of of the three important rules of electron configuration.
Aufbau Principle, Pauli-Exclusion Principle, and Hund's Rule
What is the equation to solve for pH when the solution is buffering?
pH = pKa + log[A-]/[HA]
Balance the following equation:
Al2(SO3)3 + NaOH --> NaSO3 + Al(OH)3
Al2(SO3)3 + 6NaOH --> 3Na2SO3 + 2Al(OH)3
What do you call the attractive force resulting when polar molecules line up so that the positive and negative ends are close to each other?
A dipole-dipole attraction
A measure of the energy released or consumed when one mole of a substance is created under standard conditions from its pure elements.
Standard Enthalpy of Formation
Electrons must occupy empty orbitals in the same sublevel singly before they pair up in the same orbital.
Hund's Rule
What is the equation for calculating change in G at standard conditions using the given temperature and equilibrium constant, K?
Delta G = RTlnK ("Rat Link" equation)
Balance the following equation:
S + HNO3 --> H2SO4 + NO2 + H2O
S + 6HNO3 --> H2SO4 + 6NO2 + 2H2O
Name all 7 common strong acids
(Bonus 200 points if you can name them all in order of strongest to weakest pH)
Perchloric acid (HClO4), Hydroiodic acid (HI), Hydrobromic acid (HBr), Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sufuric acid (H2SO4), Nitric acid (HNO3), Chloric acid (HClO3)
A species that has the potential to act both as an acid and as a base according to Brønsted-Lowry Theory.
Amphoteric Compound
[WITHOUT LOOKING AT A PERIODIC TABLE]
What is the electron configuration of sodium?
1s22s22p63s1
What is the gas constant value you should use when utilizing the Ideal Gas Law equation?
R = 0.0821 L*ATM/mol*K
Balance the following equation:
Cu + HNO3 --> Cu(NO3)2 + NO + H2O
3Cu + 8HNO3 --> 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O
Which of the following species is NOT planar?
A.) CO32-
B.) NO3-
C.) BF3
D.)PCl 3
D.) PCl3
The electron pair causes a disruption in the planar compound. Each individual chlorine atom experiences repulsion from the lone electron pair, causing the Cl atoms to bend together. This gives this compound a trigonal pyramidal shape instead of a planar geometry.