Atomic Structure
What is the charge and relative mass of a neutron?
No charge and 1 atomic mass unit.
What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons?
Covalent bonds.
What is the state of matter with a definite volume but no definite shape?
Liquid.
What type of reaction is 2H2+O2->2H2O
Synthesis.
What does the rate of a chemical reaction measure?
The change in concentration of a reactant of product over time.
What subatomic particle defines the atomic number of an element?
Protons.
What is the shape of a molecule with 4 bonding pairs and no lone pairs of electrons on the central atom?
Tetrahedral.
What type of intermolecular forces are present in all molecules?
London Dispersion Forces.
What does the term "stoichiometry" refer to?
Calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions.
What are two factors that increase reaction rate?
Temperature and concentration.
What term describes the weighted average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element?
Atomic mass.
What theory explains the 3-dimensional shapes of molecules based on electron pair repulsion?
VESPR Theory.
Rank the three phases of matter in order of increasing entropy.
solid<liquid<gas.
What is the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction?
The reactant that is consumed and limits the amount of product formed.
If a graph of ln[concentration] vs. time is linear, what is the order of the reaction?
First order.
What experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus?
The gold foil experiment.
Why is CO2 nonpolar even though it contains polar bonds?
The molecular geometry is linear and the dipoles cancel out.
Why does water have a relatively high boiling point?
Balance the equation _Al+_Cl2->_AlCl3
2Al+3Cl2-> 2AlCl3
How does a catalyst affect a reaction system?
Lowers the activation energy.
What is the full electron configuration for Phosphorus?
1s22s22p63s23p3
What is the hybridization of the central atom in H2O?
sp3.
How does polarity affect solubility in solvents?
Like dissolves like.
If 4.00g of H2 reacts with excess O2, how many grams of H2O are formed?
35.6g H2O.
A reaction is first-order in A and second-order in B, write the rate law.
rate=k[A][B]2