Moles & Mass Spectrometry
This constant, equal to 6.022 x 1023, represents the number of particles in exactly one mole of a substance.
What is Avogadro's number?
These specific electrons occupy the outermost principal energy level of an atom and dictate its chemical reactivity.
What are valence electrons?
On a PES spectrum graph, the total height of a peak is directly proportional to this property of the subshell.
What is the number of electrons?
This element has the highest electronegativity value on the periodic table.
What is fluorine?
This term describes the weighted average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element, as found on the periodic table.
What is average atomic mass?
This is the correct, full electron configuration for a ground-state copper (Cu) atom.
What is 1s22s22p63s23p64s13d10?
On a standard PES graph, the peak closest to the y-axis (highest binding energy) always corresponds to this specific atomic subshell.
This periodic trend describes the total distance from the center of an atom's nucleus to its outermost electorn cloud.
What is atomic radius?
This gas law constant value is used when calculating gas variables with pressure in atmospheres.
What is 0.08206 L*atm/mol*K?
These negatively charged ions are always larger than their parent neutral atoms due to increased electron-electron repulsion within the same shell.
What are anions?
This type of low-energy electromagnetic radiation causes molecules to rotate.
What is microwave radiation?
Thi energy trend measures how much energy is required to completely remove an electron from a gaseous atom.
What is ionization energy?
To find this specific chemical formula, you must convert the mass percent of each element in a compound to moles and find the simplest whole number ratio?
What is empirical formula?
Transition metals always lose electrons from this specific orbital type first when forming cations?
What is the s orbital?
This fundamental physics law states that opposite charges attract and like charges repel.
What is Coulomb's Law?
Energy change associated with the addition of an electron to a gaseous atom.
What is electron affinity?
This instrument separates atoms by mass and is used to prove that isotopes of an element exist.
What is mass spectrometry?
This term describes atoms or ions, like Na+ and Ne, that possess the exact same number of electrons and electron configuration.
What is isoelectronic?
To find the exact kinetic energy of an ejected electron in PES, you subtract the binding energy from the energy of the incoming photon, which is calculated using this constant.
What is Planck's constant (h)?
(E=hv)
As you go down a column, _____________ decreases because more electron shells are being filled.
What is electronegativity?