She's my Exothermic
The flow of energy due to a temperature difference is called this.
What is heat?
At equilibrium, the forward and reverse reaction rates are this.
What are equal?
A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a proton donor, while a Brønsted-Lowry base is this.
What is a proton acceptor?
A thermodynamically favorable process has this sign for ΔG.
What is negative?
A student repeats a trial several times and gets values that are very close to each other. This shows good this, even if the values are not close to the accepted value.
What is precision?
A reaction releases heat to the surroundings, causing the temperature of the surroundings to increase. The sign of ΔH for the reaction is this.
What is negative?
For CaCO₃(s) ⇌ CaO(s) + CO₂(g), the equilibrium expression includes only this substance.
What is CO₂?
A solution with pH = 3 has this relationship between [H₃O⁺] and [OH⁻].
What is [H₃O⁺] is greater than [OH⁻]?
In a galvanic cell, the electrode where electrons are produced is also the electrode where this process occurs.
What is oxidation?
In a Beer's Law lab, a student forgets to blank the spectrophotometer before measuring absorbance. This makes the absorbance data less reliable because the instrument was not properly this.
What is calibrated?
In calorimetry, q = mcΔT is used when heat depends on mass, specific heat, and this measured temperature quantity.
What is change in temperature?
If Q is smaller than K, the mixture currently has too few products compared with equilibrium, so the reaction proceeds in this direction.
What is forward, or toward products?
In the reaction NH₃ + H₂O ⇌ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻, NH₄⁺ is classified as this relative to NH₃.
What is the conjugate acid?
In a Zn/Cu galvanic cell, Zn is oxidized and Cu²⁺ is reduced. Electrons flow from this metal electrode to the copper electrode.
What is zinc?
During a titration lab, a student realizes they forgot to record the initial buret reading before adding titrant. Their teacher tells them the trial cannot be used. The student should label this trial as this.
What is a mistrial?
In a coffee-cup calorimeter, if the water gains 850 J of heat, the reaction released this amount of heat, assuming no heat loss to the environment.
What is −850 J?
For N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) ⇌ 2NH₃(g), removing NH₃ causes the system to shift in this direction to partially replace it.
What is right, or toward products?
When a small amount of strong acid is added to a buffer containing CH₃COOH and CH₃COO⁻, this species reacts with the added H⁺.
What is CH₃COO⁻, or acetate ion?
In a galvanic cell, the salt bridge allows ions to move between half-cells so that charge does not build up and stop this process through the wire.
What is electron flow?
A student is collecting O₂ gas over water after decomposing H₂O₂. The gas volume suddenly stops increasing even though bubbles are still forming in the reaction flask.
What is a gas leak?
A student uses Hess’s Law and reverses a thermochemical equation but forgets to change the sign of ΔH. This produces an incorrect result because reversing a reaction also reverses the direction of this energy change.
What is enthalpy change, or ΔH?
A student doubles every coefficient in an equilibrium reaction and says the new K value is doubled. The student is incorrect because when a reaction equation is multiplied by 2, the original K value is changed in this way.
What is squared, or K²?
At the half-equivalence point of a weak acid–strong base titration, the concentrations of the weak acid and conjugate base are equal, so pH equals this.
What is pKa?
A student calculates E°cell by subtracting the standard reduction potential of the anode from the standard reduction potential of the cathode. This method works because standard reduction potentials compare a substance’s tendency to undergo this process.
What is reduction?
A student compares two trials to determine the effect of temperature on reaction rate, but changes both temperature and concentration at the same time. The conclusion is suspicious because the experiment lacks this.
What is a controlled variable?