Algorithms
A finite set of instructions that accomplish a task.
What is an algorithm?
This is a variable in a function definition. It is used as a placeholder for values that will be passed through the function.
What is a parameter?
Often confused with causation, this is a relationship between two pieces of data, typically referring to the amount that one varies in relation to another.
What is correlation?
This is a technique that attempts to trick a user into providing personal information, which can then be used to access sensitive online resources, such as bank accounts and email.
What is phishing?
A process of encoding messages to keep them secret, so that only authorized parties can read it.
What is encryption?
This is a measure of how many steps are needed to complete an algorithm.
What is efficiency?
The value that is passed to the parameter when a function is called.
What is an argument?
What is cleaning data?
The use of a program to record every keystroke made by a computer user in order to gain fraudulent access to passwords or other confidential information.
What is keylogging?
A process that reverses encryption, taking a secret message and reproducing the original plain text.
What is decryption?
This is a "good enough" solution to a problem when an actual solution is impractical or impossible.
What is a heuristic?
This allows functions/procedures to halt and send data back outside of the function.
What is a return?
The practice of obtaining input or information from a large number of people via the internet.
What is crowdsourcing?
A broad term for all software intended to damage a computing system or take partial control over its operation.
What is malware?
A type of encryption that requires only one key for both encryption and decryption.
What is symmetric key encryption?
Algorithms with a polynomial efficiency or lower (i.e.- constant, linear, square, cube, etc.) are said to run in this.
What is reasonable time?
A group of functions/procedures made available to the public that may be used in creating new programs.
What is a library?
Data that does not accurately reflect the full population or phenomenon being studied is said to suffer from this.
A malicious program that can copy itself and gain access to a computer in an unauthorized way.
What is a computer virus?
A system that requires at least two steps to unlock protected information.
What is multi-factor authentication?
A model of computing in which programs are broken into smaller pieces, some of which are run simultaneously.
What is parallel computing?
These are the specifications for how functions in a library can behave and can be used.
What is API? (Application Program Interface)
Choosing a smaller subset of a data set for analysis. For example, eliminating/keeping only certain rows in a table.
What is data filtering?
A wireless access point that gives unauthorized access to secure networks.
What is a rogue access point?
A type of encryption that pairs a public key and a private key for encryption.
What is public key encryption or asymmetric encryption?