Logical Fallacies
Figures of Speech: Tropes
Rhetorical Modes
Figures of Speech: Schemes
Rhetorical Appeals
100
Stating a debatable premise as if it were fact.
What is begging the question?
100
A part of something is used to represent the whole.
What is synecdoche?
100
Provides examples or cases in point.
What is exemplification?
100
The omission from speech or writing of a word or words that are "extra" or able to be understood from context clues ("...")
What is ellipsis?
100
The appeal that persuades an audience by "pulling at their heart strings."
What is pathos?
200
Offering reasons or conclusions that have no logical connection to the argument at hand.
What is non sequitur?
200
Substituting a name of an attribute for the thing itself.
What is metonymy?
200
Provides the meaning of the terms used.
What is definition?
200
The repetition of a sequence of words.
What is anaphora?
200
The appeal that convinces an audience of the author's credibility or character.
What is ethos?
300
The fallacy of attempting to refute an argument by attacking the opposition’s personal character or reputation, using a corrupted negative argument from ethos.
What is ad hominem?
300
Understatement for emphasis.
What is litotes?
300
Analyzes why something happens and describes the consequences of a string of events.
What is cause and effect analysis?
300
"I lead the life I love; I love the life I lead."
What is an example of chiasmus?
300
The appeal that convinces an audience by use of logic or reason.
What is logos?
400
The fallacy of setting up a phony, weak or ridiculous parody of an opponent's argument and then proceeding to knock it down with a wave of the hand.
What is straw man?
400
A word applies to two others in different senses or to two others of which it semantically suits only one.
What is zeugma?
400
Explains to the reader how to do something or how something happens.
What is process analysis?
400
The grammatical balance of two or more similar words or phrases.
What is parallelism?
400
"I have used the words 'they' and 'their' in speaking of these heroes. I could say 'you' and 'your' because I am addressing the heroes of whom I speak—you, the citizens of this blessed land. Your dreams, your hopes, your goals are going to be the dreams, the hopes, and the goals of this administration, so help me God." —Ronald Reagan, 1981
What is an example of ethos?
500
The fallacy of incorrectly comparing one thing to another in order to draw a false conclusion
What is false analogy?
500
A method of logical argument that consists of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.
What is syllogism?
500
Divides a whole into parts or sorts related items into categories.
What is division and classification?
500
Polysyndeton uses conjunctions after every word or term, while asyndeton uses no conjunctions at all, but instead uses commas.
What is the difference between asyndeton and polysyndeton?
500
"The state has not produced one iota of medical evidence to the effect that the crime Tom Robinson is charged with ever took place. It has relied instead upon the testimony of two witnesses whose evidence has not only been called into serious question on cross-examination, but has been flatly contradicted by the defendant. The defendant is not guilty, but somebody in this courtroom is." --To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee
What is an example of logos?
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