A group of two or more populations of different species living in the same area
Community
The primary source of energy for most ecosystems
The sun
Type of ecosystem service that provides humans with materials needed to survive or use
Provisioning service
The maximum number of individuals that an ecosystem can support over the long-term
Carrying capacity
The average number of children a woman will have in her lifetime
Total fertility rate
A flea living on a dog's skin is what type of symbiotic relationship
Parasitism
Type of relationship when one organism consumes another for energy (Ex: wolf eats deer)
predator-prey
The number of species present in an ecosystem
Species richness
Raccoons and cockroaches can use many different resources and survive in many different habitats so they would be considered
Generalists
Rapid growth
An area's GPP = 50 kcal/m2/yr and respiration = 20 kcal/m2/yr. What is the NPP?
30 kcal/m2/yr
The arrows in a food web show the
Type of ecological succession that occurs on lava flow after a volcanic eruption
Primary succession
Ragweed plants produce thousands of seeds and have short life spans (annuals) so they are considered
r-strategists
What is the doubling time for this population?
14 years
Step of the nitrogen cycle when decomposers break down dead organic matter returning nitrogen to the soil as ammonia
Ammonification
500 J
Zone of physiological stress
Cycads bear cones, are long-lived with slow growth rates, show late reproductive maturity, and have very few offspring so they are considered
k-strategists
CBR = 20
CDR = 5
What is the natural increase rate?
1.5%
Biome with average temperatures from -10 to 5ºC and 0-100 cm of annual precipitation. Found in Northern Alaska
Tundra
A snake preys on frogs which prey on grasshoppers which eat grass. If the frog population is eliminated, the amount of grass will
Decrease
Type of diversity that must exist in a population for natural selection to take place
Genetic diversity
Food, water, and habitat availability are what kind of limiting factors for a population
Density dependent
Stage of demographic transition of a country with a low brith rate, low death rate, high per capita GDP, and long life expectancy.
Stage 4