This best describes the open-field system of the Middle Ages
What is land divided into long, narrow strips but not enclosed by fences or hedges?
100
This was the importance of "fate" in The Prince by Machiavelli
What is the fact that even the most skilled and prepared ruler could not fully escape the operations of fate that might cause a prince to lose his realm?
100
This was the reason why Elizabeth I had her cousin and heir Mary, Queen of Scots, executed
What is Mary became implicated in a plot to assassinate Elizabeth?
100
This was the effect of famine on the European population in the seventeenth century
What is malnutrition made people susceptible to deadly diseases, which reduced the population significantly?
100
This is how Catherine the Great came to power in 1762
What is a military coup?
200
This best characterizes the condition of peasants in Western Europe in the eighteenth century
What is generally free from serfdom and owned land that they could pass on to their children?
200
The leaders of the Catholic Church readily adopted this
What is the Renaissance spirit, especially when it came to art?
200
John Calvin rejected the idea of human free will for this reason
What is human free will detracts from the sovereignty of God?
200
This is how the Peace of Westphalia marked a turning point in European history
What is end of large scale armed conflicts over religion?
200
At the center of Adam Smith's arguments in The Wealth of Nations is this belief
What is the pursuit of self-interest in competitive markets would improve the living conditions of citizens?
300
The English Navigation Acts gave merchants a virtual monopoly on this trade
What is trade with British colonies?
300
Castiglione's manual on gentlemanly conduct suggested this
What is gentlemen should cultivate their abilities on a variety of fields, from athletics to music to art to mathematics?
300
The Reformation in England was primarily the result of this
What are the dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII?
300
This is why rulers hesitated to crush rebellions in the seventeenth century
What is armies were expensive to deploy, and rulers feared creating martyrs?
300
The English political philosopher Thomas Hobbes held this belief
What is the power of the ruler was absolute and prevented civil war?
400
Jethro Tull sought to do this
What is analyze and develop better farming methods through empirical research?
400
Renaissance humanists argued this about gender relations
What is women's sphere of activity was private and domestic?
400
This was the fate of most people brought before the Inquisition and accused of witchcraft
What is sent home with a warning and ordered to do penance?
400
Louis XIV selected these people as councilors
What are newly ennobled or upper middle class?
400
Bartolome de las Casas asserted this
What is Indians had human rights?
500
This was NOT an advantage of the rural putting out system
What is workers having to purchase the raw materials themselves, saving the merchant capital expenses?
500
The Tudor Henry VII won broad, popular support bu doing this
What is promoting peace and social order at the local level?
500
This was the overriding goal of Catholic religious orders established in the sixteenth century
What is to uplift the moral condition of both the clergy and laity?
500
The French foreign policy under Richelieu focused primarily on this
What is prevention of the Hapsburgs from unifying the territories surrounding France?
500
This is how Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate is best described