Renaissance Humanism
Renaissance humanists sought to revive the language and values of this ancient civilization.
Classical Greece and Rome
Cause: Wealth from trade and banking in Italian city-states → Effect: ?
The rise of patronage and Renaissance art
Term for monarchs who centralized power with standing armies and bureaucracy.
New Monarchs
What made Renaissance art different from medieval art?
It showed realistic people and used perspective
Portuguese prince who sponsored early navigation.
Prince Henry the Navigator
How did Renaissance education differ from medieval education?
It emphasized history, literature, and moral philosophy instead of theology and logic
Cause: The invention of the printing press → Effect: ?
Rapid spread of ideas and literacy across Europe
How did monarchs like Ferdinand and Isabella centralize power?
Through marriage, religion, and military reform.
Northern Renaissance artists who painted scenes of everyday life (peasants, towns, landscapes) did this type of painting
Genre Painting
What was one impact of European colonizers/conquistadors on the native population?
Disease, death, enslavement...
Why did Italian city-states become centers of humanism?
Wealth from trade supported education, patronage, and civic life focused on classical ideals
Cause: Search for direct trade routes to Asia → Effect: ?
European maritime exploration and colonization
This slaughter and pushing out of Jews and Muslims from Spain by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella is known as....
The Spanish Inquisition
Naturalism, humanism, and an emphasis on classical subjects are all part of what art movement?
The Italian Renaissance
1494 treaty dividing the world between Spain and Portugal.
Treaty of Tordesillas
What is the difference between Northern humanists and Italian humanists?
Also, name one of each.
Northern humanists believed in Christian values on top of education and morality
- Erasmus
Italian humanists were more secular
- Machiavelli
Cause: Competition among monarchs for wealth and power → Effect: ?
Formation of centralized “New Monarchies”
The War of the Roses led to which dynasty’s rise in England?
Tudor
Wealthy Florentine patrons of art and scholarship.
The Medici family
What new economic system tied colonies to the wealth of their mother countries?
Mercantilism
Erasmus believed rulers should govern by moral example, while this Florentine argued rulers should use power by any means.
Machiavelli
Cause: Discovery of silver and gold in the Americas → Effect: ?
Massive inflation and the “Price Revolution” in Europe
How did “new monarchs” of the 15th and 16th centuries gain power at the expense of nobles and the Church?
They centralized taxation, created professional armies, and used royal courts and bureaucracies to control the nobility and clergy.
Technique that creates depth on a flat surface.
Linear perspective
What stayed the same about European motives for exploration and trade from 1500–1800?
Desire for wealth and resources