The Renaissance & Humanism
This city is often considered the birthplace of the Renaissance.
What is Florence?
He started the Protestant Reformation by nailing the 95 Theses to a church door.
Who is Martin Luther?
This Portuguese prince sponsored early sea voyages.
Who is Prince Henry the Navigator?
This "Sun King" symbolized absolute monarchy in France.
Who is Louis XIV?
This Polish astronomer proposed a heliocentric model.
Who is Copernicus?
This prison was stormed in 1789, marking the start of the Revolution.
What is the Bastille?
This revolution began in Britain in the 18th century and transformed production.
What is the Industrial Revolution?
This German state led the unification of Germany.
What is Prussia?
The assassination of this archduke sparked WWI.
Who is Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
This plan provided U.S. aid to rebuild Western Europe after WWII.
What is The Marshall Plan?
He painted the School of Athens, embodying Renaissance ideals.
Who is Raphael?
This practice of selling forgiveness was criticized by reformers.
What is the sale of indulgences?
This explorer was the first to circumnavigate the globe.
Who is Ferdinand Magellan?
This 1688 event brought constitutional monarchy to England.
What is the Glorious Revolution?
He formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation
Who is Isaac Newton?
This document declared the rights of men and citizens.
What is the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen?
This machine invented by James Watt improved steam power.
What is the steam engine?
This conservative chancellor unified Germany through “blood and iron.”
Who is Otto von Bismarck?
This treaty ended WWI and imposed harsh terms on Germany.
What is the Treaty of Versailles?
This wall symbolized the division of East and West during the Cold War.
What is The Berlin Wall?
This humanist wrote The Praise of Folly criticizing the Church.
Who is Erasmus?
This reformer established a theocracy in Geneva
Who is John Calvin?
This system granted Spanish colonists land and labor from natives.
What is the encomienda system?
This document limited the power of the English monarchy in 1689.
What is the English Bill of Rights?
This Enlightenment thinker believed in separation of powers.
Who is Montesquieu?
This radical group led by Robespierre instigated the Reign of Terror.
What is the Jacobins?
This economic theory advocates minimal government interference
What is laissez-faire capitalism?
This war in 1870–1871 helped rally German nationalism.
What is the Franco-Prussian War?
This leader established fascist rule in Italy.
Who is Benito Mussolini?
This organization formed in 1993 as a political and economic union in Europe.
What is the European Union?
This book by Machiavelli outlines how rulers should maintain power.
What is The Prince?
This agreement allowed German princes to choose their state's religion.
What is the Peace of Augsburg?
This treaty divided the New World between Spain and Portugal.
What is the Treaty of Tordesillas?
This Russian czar westernized his country.
Who is Peter the Great?
This philosopher believed in the social contract and the general will.
Who is Rousseau?
This 1804 law code preserved many revolutionary ideals under Napoleon.
What is the Napoleonic Code?
He wrote The Communist Manifesto with Engels.
Who is Karl Marx?
This man led the Italian unification effort in southern Italy.
Who is Garibaldi?
This policy of appeasement culminated in the Munich Agreement of 1938.
What is appeasement?
This doctrine pledged U.S. support to countries resisting communism.
What is the Truman Doctrine?
This concept emphasized the study of classical texts and human potential.
What is Humanism?
This English monarch established the Church of England.
Who is Henry VIII?
This economic policy focused on accumulating gold and a favorable balance of trade.
What is mercantilism?
This war ended with the Treaty of Utrecht and curtailed French expansion.
What is the War of the Spanish Succession?
This satirist criticized the Church and advocated for free speech.
Who is Voltaire?
This battle marked Napoleon’s final defeat.
What is the Battle of Waterloo?
This group destroyed machines in protest of industrialization.
Who are the Luddites?
This movement aimed to unite Slavic peoples.
What is Pan-Slavism?
This 1942 battle marked a turning point on the Eastern Front in WWII.
What is the Battle of Stalingrad?
This was the name of the economic restructuring policy under Gorbachev.
What is Perestroika?