Scientific Revolution
What idea caused Galileo to be tried for heresy by the Catholic Church?
Support of the Copernican Theory
The invasion of Silesia played an important role in which two wars?
War of Austrian Succession and Seven Years' War
What material was used to replace wood in the plow to make it more durable and productive?
Steel
Who’s theory about the division of power in government inspired the branches of the United States’ government?
Montesquieu
Which Enlightened monarch sought to westernize Russia?
Catherine the Great
Which ancient astronomer’s geocentric ideas were refuted by Copernicus and Galileo?
Ptolemy
Which war may be considered the first world war due to fighting in multiple continents between alliances of several countries?
Seven Years' War
What was the most significant social effect of the agricultural revolution?
Population Growth
Which Enlightenment thinker believed man was born with three rights: life, liberty, and property?
John Locke
Which Enlightened monarch referred to themselves as a ‘servant of the state’ and justified the monarchy through success, not divine right?
Frederick II of Prussia
Which physicist’s work connected the whole universe through the synthesis of math, physics, and astronomy?
Isaac Newton
Which treaty ended the Seven Years’ War and significantly weakened France’s colonial presence?
Treaty of Paris (1763)
What industry rose as a result of the reduced need for laborers during the agricultural revolution?
Cottage Industry
Which Enlightened thinker supported free trade and laissez faire economics?
Adam Smith
What radical enlightened policy did Joseph II carry out that increased the freedom of peasants?
Edict of Toleration (Abolishment of Serfdom)
Which scientist first supported the Copernican theory and planetary motion through mathematical equations?
Johannes Kepler
Which Cossack soldier sparked a serf uprising in 1773 in response to the growth of landlord power?
Emelian Pugachev
Which writer, inventor, and agriculturalist is credited with forming the basis of modern British agriculture?
Jethro Tull
Enlightenment thinkers believed in the application of empirical and logical methods developed in which period?
Scientific Revolution
Which Enlightened monarch was the most liberal/reformed in their practices?
Joseph II of Austria
Rene Descartes is known for which method of thinking involving a specific conclusion derived from a general theory?
Deductive Reasoning
The War of Austrian Succession broke which edict issued by Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI?
Pragmatic Sanction
Which English movement supported the development of market-oriented agricultural production?
Enclosure System
Which two thinkers would agree that the state should be based on a social contract?
Hobbes and Rousseau
Which French Enlightenment thinker advocated for the idea of an Enlightened despot?
Voltaire