Unit 1 - Ecosystems
What is the main biological process that removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
photosynthesis
According to the theory of island biogeography, name 2 characteristics of an island that would give it the best chance to obtain large biodiversity?
near to the mainland & large area.
Which type of species tends to have an advantage in habitats that remain constant?
specialists
list the 3 abiotic soil components from smallest to largest
clay, silt, sand
What type of forestry management results soil erosion, higher soil and stream temperatures, and habitat loss? (pos: high profit for consumers)
clear cutting
10%
What are the 3 levels of biodiversity?
habitat (ecosystem), species, genetic
Which kind of survivorship curve shows high survivorship in early and mid life, with the largest drop off happening due to old age? Type I, II or III?
Type I
Name & describe the 3 types of tectonic plate boundaries
convergent = coming together, makes mountains
divergent = moving apart, makes rift valleys & seafloor spreading
transform = sliding past, makes earthquakes
Give 3 examples of impervious surfaces in an urban environment.
roads, buildings, sidewalks, parking lots
What is the formula for net primary productivity?
NPP = GPP - R
net primary productivity = gross primary productivity - respiration loss
Give 3 examples of abiotic conditions for which an organism will have a range of tolerance.
temperature, salinity, pH, sunlight, depth, specific chemicals
A dieback occurs when a population overshoots its ______ _______
Carrying Capacity
What happens to fishing in South America during an El Nino year?
It is worse due to decreased nutrient upwelling.
Surface mining removes soil & rock called _____________ to access ores. After the mining is done, restoring the land to how it was before is called ___________
overburden, reclamation
What are the 3 types of symbiosis?
mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism
A forest fire kills most trees in a forest, leaving soil intact. Some quick growing poplar trees start to colonize the soil. The poplars are an example of a ______ species and the process they have started is _____ succession.
pioneer, secondary
the base of the pyramid is wider because there are more young people in this population
name the 5 layers of Earth's atmosphere starting with the one closest to the surface
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermospehere, exosphere
Identify 3 ways to reduce urban runoff
permeable pavement, more vegetation, public transit (reduce paved area), build up not out.
Name 5 of the 9 terrestrial biomes
taiga, tundra, temperate rainforest, tropical rainforest, temperate seasonal forest, shrubland, temperate grassland, savanna, desert
Name 3 of the 4 categories of ecosystem services
provisioning, cultural, supporting, regulating
Give 3 reasons why one country would have slower growth rate than another country.
low birth rate, highly developed, access to education, high levels of affluence, access to family planning, later age of first child, lower TFR, lower infant mortality, access to good nutrition
describe a hadley cell
Warm moist air rises at the equator. As it rises, it cools, condenses, and precipitation occurs. Warm and dry air sinks at 30 degrees (both North and South Latitude) creating deserts.
Name 3 of the 5 major environmental indicators of sustainability
biological diversity, food production, surface temp/CO2 levels, human population, resource depletion