Foundations of American Democracy
This model of democracy focuses on the political process occurring through the participation of interest groups or factions.
What is the pluralist model?
This clause from Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution, gives Congress its broad implied power to make laws.
What is the Necessary and Proper Clause?
These actions of the president carry the force of law and do not have to be approved by Congress.
What are executive orders?
This case involving judicial appointments, established the principle of judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness"
In the debate surrounding the Constitution, this group favored its ratification, believed in a strong centralized government, and favored the pluralist and elite models of democracy.
Who are the Federalists?
What are delegates?
This address is given to Congress "from time to time" by the President and usually outlines the upcoming policy agenda.
What is the State of the Union?
Both the Baker v. Carr case and the Shaw v. Reno case debated this clause of the 14th Amendment.
What is the Equal Protection Clause?
"A feeble Executive implies a feeble execution of the government.”
What is Federalist 70?
What is the Great Compromise or Connecticut Compromise?
Categories in the Federal budget that are subject to this type of spending must be debated each year and have to go through the official appropriations process.
What is discretionary spending?
This Constitutional amendment limits the President to two full terms in office.
What is the 22nd Amendment?
In this case, the Court stated that Congress' power to use the Commerce Clause had been stretched too far.
What is U.S. v. Lopez?
"This government is to possess absolute and uncontrollable power, legislative, executive and judicial, with respect to every object to which it extends"
What is Brutus 1?
This term describes requirements placed on local and state government by the Federal government. Examples in include the Americans With Disabilities Act and the No Child Left Behind Law.
What are mandates?
This is the process that must take place in order for a presidential veto to be overridden.
What is a 2/3 majority vote in both houses of Congress?
These are negotiated between the executive branch and a foreign nation but are not approved by Congress and don't have the authority of an approved treaty.
What are executive agreements?
In McCulloch v. Maryland, SCOTUS affirmed Congress' use of the "Necessary Proper Clause" and this other Constitutional Clause.
What is the "Supremacy Clause"?
"The complete independence of the courts of justice is peculiarly essential in a limited Constitution...Nor does this conclusion by any means suppose a superiority of the judicial to the legislative power."
What is Federalist 78?
The "Full Faith and Credit Clause" is in this Article of the Constitution.
What is Article 4?
What is a cloture motion?
This group of advisors works the most closely with the President on a day to day basis.
What is the Executive Office of the President?
The disputed Congressional district debated in Shaw v. Reno was in this state.
What is North Carolina?
"We see it particularly displayed in all the subordinate distributions of power, where the constant aim is to divide and arrange the several offices in such a manner as that each may be a check on the other that the private interest of every individual may be a sentinel over the public rights."
What is Federalist 51?