Defining Federalism
What is federalism?
What is a system of organizing a nation so that two or more levels of government have formal authority over the same land and people?
What clause in the Constitution makes the Constitution, national laws, and treaties supreme over state laws as long as the national government is acting within its constitutional limits?
What is the supremacy clause?
What is dual federalism often compared to?
What is a layer cake?
What are grants-in-aid?
What are federal funds appropriated by Congress for distribution to state and local governments?
What is devolution?
What is transferring responsibility for policies from the federal government to state and local governments?
How does a unitary government differ from a federal system?
What is a unitary government where all power resides in the central government?
Which amendment states that powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people?
What is the Tenth Amendment?
What is cooperative federalism often compared to?
What is a marble cake?
What are categorical grants?
What are federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes or categories of state and local spending?
What significant education policy was enacted under George W. Bush that expanded the federal role in education?
What is the No Child Left Behind Act?
What term refers to the workings of the federal system—the entire set of interactions among national, state, and local governments?
What are intergovernmental relations?
What Supreme Court case established the principle of national supremacy?
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
During which period did cooperative federalism become more prominent?
What is the New Deal era?
What are block grants?
What are federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs?
What act passed by Congress required states to make facilities accessible to individuals with disabilities but did not provide funding?
What is the Americans with Disabilities Act?
Name one country other than the United States that has a federal system of government.
What is Canada? (Acceptable answers: Germany, Mexico, Argentina, Australia, India)
What is the significance of the Eleventh Amendment in terms of state immunity?
What is that it prohibits federal courts from hearing cases where a state is sued by an individual from another state or country without the state's consent?
What are shared costs in the context of cooperative federalism?
What is when cities and states can receive federal money for programs, but only if they pay part of the bill?
What is a common string attached to categorical grants?
What is a nondiscrimination provision?
What Supreme Court case limited Congress's power under the commerce clause by ruling that the Gun-Free School Zones Act exceeded Congress's authority?
What is United States v. Lopez?
What is a confederation?
What is a form of government in which the national government is weak, and most or all power is in the hands of the country's components?
Which clause of the Constitution gives Congress the power to regulate interstate and international commerce?
What is the commerce clause?
What are crossover sanctions?
What is the use of federal dollars in one program to influence state and local policy in another?
What are formula grants?
What are federal categorical grants distributed according to a formula specified in legislation or administrative regulations?
What term describes the federal government using federal dollars to influence state and local policies?
What is fiscal federalism?