Bill of Rights
What two amendments protect basic individual freedoms such as free speech religion, press, assembly, petition, and the right to bear arms?
The First and Second Amendment
What is Limited Government?
The government does not have all the power.
What is Shay's Rebellion?
A riot by farmers because they couldn't pay for increased taxes which led to the calling of a Constitutional Convention.
What is Federalist 10?
A large/diverse republic is better because they it will eliminate the bad factions.
What is Brutus 1?
Republics should be small, not large and diverse in order to be successful. giving the government too much power will result in people losing their liberties.
Which amendments guarantee rights of people accused of crimes, including due process, protection from self-incrimination, and the right to a speedy trial and lawyer?
The Fifth and Sixth Amendment
What is Popular sovereignty?
Where people have a say in power.
What are Articles of Confederation 1-3?
Article 1. Legislative branch (House of Representatives and Senate)
Article 2. Executive branch (President)
Article 3: Judicial branch
What is Federalist 51 about?
The government will not become too powerful because the separation of powers will keep each branch in check.
What was the purpose of "Letter from Birmingham Jail"?
To defend nonviolent civil disobedience, criticize white moderates and clergy for their self-satisfaction, and passionately argue for immediate racial justice
Which amendments protect citizens from government intrusion into their homes and property, including forces housing of soldiers and unreasonable searches?
The Third and Fourth Amendment
What is Seperation of Powers?
So that not only one branch will have too much power.
What is Article 4 about?
Promises the Feds to give to the States, and the States give to other states.
What is Federalist 70 about?
Advocating for a single president instead of multiple.
What are the key principles of the U.S. Declaration of Independence?
The natural rights (Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness), human equality, and government by consent, establishing that people have the right to abolish a government that fails to protect these fundamental rights
What Amendments clarify that people have rights beyond those listed in the Constitution and that powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or the people?
The Ninth and Tenth Amendments
What is Checks and Balances?
Each branch is subject to restraints by the other two branches.
What are Articles 5-7?
Article 5: amending the Constitution
Article 6: supremacy of the Constitution
Article 7: ratification of the Constitution
What is Federalist 78?
Discusses the powers of the judiciary branch including judicial review, independence of the judiciary, life tenure, and integrity of the courts.
What does Federalist 10 and Brutus 1 have in common?
There is no true representation in a large republic.
Which Amendments ensure fair treatment in the justice system, including jury trials in civil cases and protection from excessive bail or cruel punishment?
The Seventh and Eighth Amendments
What is Federalism?
A division of governmental powers between the national and state governments.
Amending the Constitution requires both state and national action.
Why are checks and balances important in the government?
They keep one part of the government from becoming too powerful.
What is Marbury V. Madison?
This Supreme Court case established the power of judicial review, allowing courts to declare laws unconstitutional.