Federalism
These are the powers delegated to the federal government.
What are enumerated powers?
This foundational document was the United States first frame of government.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
These structures within a society connect the people to the government or centralized authority. These institutions include elections, political parties, interest groups, and the media.
What are Linkage Institutions?
This constitutional clause, used to decide the case US v Lopez, gives Congress broad power to regulate interstate trade and restricts states from impairing interstate trade.
What is the Commerce Clause?
This constitutional amendment, ratified on February 27, 1951, limits the number of times a person can be elected to the office of President of the United States to two terms, and sets additional eligibility conditions for presidents who succeed to the unexpired terms of their predecessors.
What is the 22nd Amendment?
This constitutional clause gives Congress broad power to regulate interstate trade and restricts states from interfering with that power. Used to decide the case Gibbons v. Ogden.
What is the Commerce Clause?
This foundational document written by James Madison warns us of the dangers of factions and that liberty is safest in a large republic.
What is Federalist 10?
This is something interest groups do in order to advance their polices by accessing congress
What is lobbying?
This constitutional clause was used as the premise for the case Brown v Board of Education of Topeka, which involved an African American girl who couldn't go to the school closer to her house due to school segregation. This constitutional clause is included in the 5th and 14th Amendments.
What is the Equal Protection Clause.
This legal principle, part of the Fourth Amendment, states that evidence collected or analyzed in violation of the defendant's constitutional rights is inadmissible for criminal prosecution in court. Some
What is the Exclusionary Clause?
This political arrangement clearly divides power between the federal and state governments. The states can exercise their powers without interference from the central government and vice versa. This was the main arrangement of power before FDR's New Deal, often referred to as Old Federalism.
What is dual/layer cake federalism?
This foundational document, believed to be written by Robert Yates, addressed Federalist 10 and stated that a large republic was too far away from the people.
What is Brutus 1?
This is the idea that committees in the House and Senate, federal departments and agencies, and think tanks and interest groups all work together to develop and conserve their own power, and expand their political influence.
What is an Iron Triangle?
This constitutional clause protects citizens' right to practice their religion as they please, so long as the practice does not run afoul of a "public morals" or a "compelling" governmental interest.
What is the Free Exercise Clause?
This is a written legal document making legal arguments from a person or organization that is not a party involved in the case. These documents assist a court by offering information, expertise, or insight that has a bearing on the issues in the case. The phrase "amicus curiae" is Latin for "Friend of the Court".
What is an Amicus Curiae Brief?
This is the transfer of certain powers from the federal government to the states. Allows for greater autonomy and decision-making at the state level.
What is devolution?
This foundational document written by Thomas Jefferson declared the United States free from British rule.
What is The Declaration Of Independence?
This linkage institution decides what issues are going to be on the news and shown to the public.
What is media?
This doctrine refers to the case-by-case approach of deciding which portions of the Bill of Rights apply to states. It refers to the general concept that states cannot deny citizens protections mentioned in the Bill of Rights.
What is the doctrine of Selective Incorporation?
This congressional resolution is designed to limit the U.S. president's ability to initiate or escalate military actions abroad. This law requires that presidents notify Congress within 48 hours of deploying troops and limits how long units can remain engaged without congressional approval, 60 days.
What is the War Powers Act of 1973?
This is a doctrine adopted by the SCOTUS and refers to the case by case process of deciding which amendments from the Bill of Rights should apply to the states. Included in cases such as McDonald v. Chicago.
What is selective incorporation?
This open letter, written on April 16, 1963, by Martin Luther King Jr says that people have a moral responsibility to break unjust laws and to take direct action rather than waiting potentially forever for justice to come through the courts. Responding to being referred to as an "outsider", King writes: "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere." and "Justice too long delayed is justice denied."
What is A Letter from Birmingham Jail?
This organization coordinates candidates to compete in elections. It is common for the members of this institution to hold similar ideas about politics, and these groups promote specific ideological or policy goals.
What are political parties?
This is the concept of a judge not injecting his or her own preferences into legal proceedings and rulings.
What is the Judicial Restraint?
This legal philosophy of judicial interpretation limits or restricts the powers of the federal government only to those expressly, explicitly, and clearly, granted to the government by the United States Constitution.
What is strict constructionism?